Alcohols and HaloAlkanes Flashcards
What are tips when balancing the complete and incomplete combustion equations of alcohols
Carbon oxides form equal carbons in the alcohol
Mol. of water is half the n. of hydrogens in the alcohol
When is there a primary secondary or tertiary alcohol
Primary - 1 R group attached
Secondary - 2 R group attached
Tertiary - 3 R group attached
What are the physical properties of alcohols
Due to the Partial Positive charge on H in O-H, the H can attract lone pairs on an oxygen thus forming H bonds
In small alcohols H bonds let it mix freely w/ water so they are soluble in H20
In* larger alcohols, due to the *non polar carbon chain, less H bonds form in water so their solublity decreases
What is a ketone
When double bond to oxgygen is in middle ( C w/ no H attached)
What is the oxidation route for primary alcohols?
Primary Alcohol –> Aldehyde –> Carboxylic Acid
( +H20 FOR ALDEHYDE AND CARBOXYLIC ACID)
What happens after primary alcohol is involved in 2 [O] and what are the coniditons
Carboxylic acid is formed / K2Cr2O7 and H2S04 / Acid Catalyst and heat under reflux
What is the oxidation of secondary alcohol and what are the reagent and conditions
Secondary –> Ketone + H2O / Dichromate Soltution and Heat under reflix and acid catalyst
What is an aldehyde
When C is double bonded to an O with Hydogen attached (AT THE END)
What is the equation for BromoEthane + Hydroxide Ion
BromoEthane + Hydroxide ion –> Ethanol + Bromide ion ( OH REPLACES BR)
What is the reagent for Haloalkane to Ethanol
NaOH / Sodium Hydroxide
What is the euqation for CH3Br + Water
CH3OH + H+ + Br-
What is the trend when A carbon is bonded to an element with less electronegativity down Group 7
FASTER HYDROLYSIS as bond enthalpy decreases
How to convert alcohol into alkene
Add H2S04 and heat
What are the coniditons from pimrary alocohl to Carboxylic Acid
Dichromate/ K2Cr2O7 + Acid Catalyst + Heat under refulx
How would you go from secondary alcohol to Ketone
Reflux
