Alcohols Flashcards
what are alcohols
a homologous series with hydroxyl, -OH, functional groups
What is the suffix
ol
What determines how alcohols are classified
As a primary, secondary or tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms bonded to the carbon that has the hydroxyl group attached
How can alcohols be produced
Hydrating alkenes
How can ethanol be produced
reacting ethene and steam using phosphoric(V) acid catalyst
or
fermentation of biomass
What is needed to carry out fermentaion
Enzymes in yeast, glucose and water
Why can ethanol be used as a biofuel
Reacts exothermically with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O
What does the products formed when a primary alcohol oxidises depend on?
The conditions used
Oxidation of a primary alcohol produces?
Aldehyde
What does further oxidation of a primary alcohol produce
Aldehyde -> Carboxylic acid
What does oxidation of a secondary alcohol produce
a ketone
What does tertiary alcohols oxides to
Don’t oxidies easily
In Fehling’s solution what do Aldehydes do
reduce blue Cu 2+ ions to Cu + ions in Cu2O
This is a brick red precipitate
In Fehling’s solution what do ketones so
no reaction remains blue
What mechanism do alcohols go through to produce alkene and water
elimination
