Alcohols Flashcards
How does fermentation occur?
Through the fermentation of sugar
sugar = ethanol + carbon dioxide
What temperatures are the best for fermentation?
20- 40 degrees c
What happens to the fermentation process if the temperature is to high or low?
Too low- the yeast becomes inactive and the rate of reaction slows
Too high- the yeast is denatured and stops working
What are alcohols?
Carbon based molecules, containing the functional group -OH
What’s an alcohols functional groups
-OH
What’s alcohols general formula?
Cn H2n+1 OH
What are the first 6 alcohols?
Methanol
Ethanol
Propanol
Butanol
Pentanol
Hexanol
3 uses of alcohols?
Alcoholic drinks
Alcohol wipes
Fuels
What are the two ways of making ethanol?
Ethene + steam
Fermentation
Advantages and disadvantages of the Ethene + steam method of making ethanol
Advantages:
Very pure ethanol
Disadvantages:
High energy demand
Finite resource
.Both of these are due to ethene coming from cracking long chain alkanes, which come from crude oil
Advantages and disadvantages of the fermentation method of making ethanol
Advantages:
Cheap
Renewable resources
.This is due to it using sugar and yeast
Disadvantages:
Less pure ethanol
Ethanol needs distilling
.Energy and time costs
What is produced when alcohols react in water?
They produce a neutral soloution
What happens when alcohols react with sodium?
They produce hydrogen gas
What do alcohols do in air?
They burn readily
What is produced when an alcohol is combined with an oxidising agent?
A carboxylic acid
