Alcohol Use Disorder

Question 1

What is alcohol use disorder? (AUD)

Answer 1

AUD is a substance use disorder characterized by repeated use of alcohol despite significant problems associated with its use

Question 2

What are risk factors for AUD?

Answer 2

Cultural attitudes towards drinking, availability of alcohol, peer pressure are environmental risk factors for alcohol use disorder

Question 3

What criteria needs to be met to diagnose AUD?

Answer 3

A problematic pattern of alcohol use, must meet 2 of criteria A within a 12-month period

Question 4

What is the mnemonic for AUD?

Answer 4

TWO PACK

Question 5

T in TWO PACK stands for…

Answer 5

Tolerance

Question 6

W in TWO PACK stands for…

Answer 6

Withdrawal

Question 7

O in TWO PACK stands for…

Answer 7

Occupational, social, recreational activities reduced

Question 8

P in TWO PACK stands for…

Answer 8

Persistent desire or unsuccessful attempt to reduce consumption

Question 9

A in TWO PACK stands for…

Answer 9

Amount of use is excessive

Question 10

C in TWO PACK stands for…

Answer 10

Continues substance use despite having persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problems

Question 11

K in TWO PACK stands for…

Answer 11

Keeps spending a lot of time in search, use or recovery from alcohol

Question 12

How much criteria for AUD to be considered severe?

Answer 12

Over five

Question 13

How much criteria for AUD to be considered moderate?

Answer 13

Four to five

Question 14

How much criteria for AUD to be considered mild?

Answer 14

Two to three

Question 15

Risk factors for substance abuse

Answer 15

Genetics, family dynamics involving anger or lack of closeness, co-occurring psychiatric disorders

Question 16

What are treatments for alcohol use disorder?

Answer 16

Rehabilitation, motivation interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, 12-step therapies, mindfulness-based therapies

Question 17

What are some assessment tools for substance use disorders?

Answer 17

Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA), MAST (Michigan Alcohol Screening Test) and Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST)

Question 18

What is Alcohol Withdrawal?

Answer 18

Syndrome that occurs within several hours to a few days of stopping heavy and prolonged alcohol use. Includes hyperactivity, anxiety and gastrointestinal symptoms

Question 19

What needs to be met for alcohol withdrawal to be diagnosed?

Answer 19

Cessation of or reduction in alcohol use that has been heavy or prolonged, as well as 2 symptoms of Criteria B within several hours to a few days after last drink

Question 20

What is Stage 1 of alcohol withdrawal? (6-8 hrs)

Answer 20

Mild tremors, anxiety, nausea

Question 21

What is Stage 2 of alcohol withdrawal? (12-24 hrs)

Answer 21

Tremors, agitation, insomnia, some hallucinations

Question 22

What is Stage 3 of alcohol withdrawal? (12-48 hrs)

Answer 22

Severing of symptoms listed in Stage 2, but possibility of seizures

Question 23

What is Stage 4 of alcohol withdrawal? (2-5 days)

Answer 23

Unstable vitals, confusion, agitation, fever, tachycardia, hypertension, sweating

Question 24

What is early remission?

Answer 24

Early remission is no symptoms (excluding cravings) for at least three months but less than a year

Question 25

What is sustained remission?

Answer 25

No criteria are met for a period of 12 months or longer

Question 26

What are pharmacological treatments for AUD?

Answer 26

Gabapentin, Naltrexone, Acamprosate, Topiramate (GNAT)

Question 27

What are pharmacological treatments for withdrawal? (uncomplicated)

Answer 27

Diazepam and lorazepam

Question 28

What are pharmacological treatments for withdrawal?(complicated)

Answer 28

Load with diazepam, lorazepam, administer CIWA