Alat, Alon, at Hangin (part 3) Flashcards
True or False:
As air heats, its density decreases and
it rises;
True
As air cools, its density increases and it
falls toward the earth
True
warm air with a high water vapor content
produces less-dense air that rises
equator
Air is cooling, moisture has been removed by
precipitation, and there is increased
atmospheric pressure.
Poles
is the way Earth’s rotation makes moving objects (like winds or ocean currents) appear to curve rather than travel in a straight line.
The Coriolis effect
In the Northern Hemisphere, things curve to the _.
In the Southern Hemisphere, things curve to the _.
Northern Hemisphere - Right
Southern Hemisphere - Left
produced when wind blowing across the surface of the ocean pushes and pulls the water, causing it to move
Ocean currents
The main driving forces for surface currents are
the _ in each hemi sphere.
trade winds (easterlies and westerlies)
acts on the mass of accumulating water
and tries to pull it back against the pressure
gradient.
Gravity
Water moves according to the ___
and continues moving in a circular pattern.
Coriolis effect
Slower-moving water
is deflected to a
_ than
air.
greater degree
*the current is
deflected to the right
of the prevailing wind
direction,
Northern Hemisphere
*the deflection is to the
left
Southern Hemisphere
arge systems of circulating ocean currents influenced by factors like the Coriolis effect and continental barriers.
gyres
The position of the continents and the features of the ocean basins interfere with the continuous flow of water and contribute to the deflection of currents, so that water flows in a circular pattern around the edge of an ocean basin.
gyres
*The volume of water
transported in an ocean
current is measured in
Sverdrups (sv)
Who invented sverdrups?
Harald Sverdrup
A sverdrup equals a flow
of
1 million cubic meters
of water per second.
*The flow of the Gulf
Stream averages
55
sverdrups.
*Eastern and western-boundary currents in each gyre
are connected by _
transverse currents
The movement of surface water is passed along to deeper layers of water causing them to move in a characteristic pattern known as the _
Ekman Spiral
As you go deeper, each successive layer of water moves at a slower speed and an angle to the layer above, producing the spiral movement.
Ekman Spiral
