Alat, Alon, at Hangin (part 1) Flashcards
99% of the dissolved salts in the
ocean:
sodium
magnesium
calcium
potassium
chloride
sulfate
Other elements that are dissolved in
sea water but present in
concentrations of less than one part
per million are called
trace elements
True or False: Salts in seawater are relatively
constant, and even though salinities
can change, the relative proportions
do not over much of the world ocean
True
Salts in seawater are __________, and even though salinities
can change, the relative proportions
do not over much of the world ocean
relatively constant
Seawater is approximately ____
and _____ by mass.
3.5% salt
96.5% water
the concentration of salt in
a given volume of water
Salinity
is usually
expressed in either grams of salt per
kilo gram of water or parts per
thousand
Salinity
Salinity is usually expressed as
grams of salt per kilogram of water
parts per thousand (ppt)
Seawater would have an average
salinity of
35 grams per kilogram, or
35 parts per thousand
psu means
Practicality Salinity Unit
True or False:
Salinity varies with longitude and the topographical features of an area
False
latitude
True or False: Close to the mouths of rivers (freshwater) have comparatively low salinity
True
True or False: Surface waters in subtropical areas of the world where evaporation is high and precipitation is low have comparatively low surface salinities
False
if evaporation is high, salinity is also high
The regions of ocean at
approximately 30 degrees N and
S, the latitudes that correspond
with many of the world’s
deserts, are characterized by
evaporation exceeding precipitation
latitudes that correspond with many of the world’s deserts
30 degrees N and S
True or False: 50 degrees latitude, precipitation is
again heavy and the surface
water is relatively less salty
True
True or False: Near the poles, freezing removes
water from the sea, leaving the
salt behind
True
The process responsible for removing the largest amount of salt, however, involves ions sticking to the surface of fine particles, a process known as __.
adsorption
tool for determining salinity
refractometer
What are the different gases in seawater?
carbon dioxide
oxygen
nitrogen
*Just below the sunlit surface waters is the
oxygen-minimum zone
added at all depths
by the processes of decomposition and respiration.
carbon dioxide
Proportion of oxygen and carbon dioxide in surface seawater is __ than it is in the atmosphere
greater
is far more soluble in sea water than nitrogen
Oxygen
__ is more soluble than oxygen.
Carbon dioxide
The amount of gas that water can hold depends on the _, _, _ of the water.
temperature
salinity
pressure
True or False: Cold water holds more gas than warm water
True
True or False:
more gas will dissolve if the salinity of the water is low or the gas pressure is high
True
True or False:
more gas will dissolve if the salinity of the water is high or the gas pressure is high
False
more gas will dissolve if salinity is low
True or False:
more gas will dissolve if the salinity of the water is low or the gas pressure is low
False
more gas will dissolve if gas pressure is high
