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DIG: Biweekly 1 > Al-Mehdi: Control of Motility > Flashcards

Al-Mehdi: Control of Motility Flashcards

1
Q

postprandial gut motility

A

peristalsis

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2
Q

fasting gut motility

A

migrating motor complex (MMC)

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3
Q

motor nucleus in brainstem that receives info. from NTS

A

Dorsal nucleus

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4
Q

collector of sensory info. in the brainstem

A

Nucleus tractus solitarius

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5
Q

main motor nucleus in brainstem that receives info. from NTS

A

Nucleus ambiguus

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6
Q

a1 and M3 have what G subunit receptor

A

Gq (Ca2+)

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7
Q

EP4 (for PGE2) and 5-HT4 have what G subunit receptor

A

Gs (cAMP)

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8
Q

a2 (presynaptic), mu, M2, D2 have what G subunit receptor

A

Gi

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9
Q

serotonin receptors

A

5-HT3 and 5-HT4

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10
Q

parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation to visceral SMC

A

parasympathetic (M3 stimulates)
sympathetic (a2 inhibits)

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11
Q

sphincter innervation

A

a1 constricts

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12
Q

plexus that controls peristalsis in ENS

A

myenteric plexus

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13
Q

plexus that regulates absorption and secretion in ENS

A

Submucosal plexus

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14
Q

stimulatory motor neurons in ENS

A

Ach and substance P

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15
Q

inhibitory motor neurons in ENS

A

NO and VIP

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16
Q

myenteric ___ and ____ neurons are the primary secretomotor controllers

A

NE and Ach

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17
Q

in myenteric plexus, NE binds what

A

a2

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18
Q

in myenteric plexus, Ach binds what

A

M3

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19
Q

what motor neuron binds a1 directly for sphincter contraction

A

NE

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20
Q

what motor neuron has indirect action on sphincter and what interneuron causes sphincter relaxation

A

Ach; NO

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21
Q

_____ binds a2 for SMC relaxation and decreases intestinal secretion

A

NE

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22
Q

____ binds M3 for SMC contraction, and increase in gastric and pancreatic secretion

A

Ach

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23
Q

sympathetic stimulation to myenteric plexus causes constipation or diarrhea

A

constipation

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24
Q

parasympathetic stimulation to myenteric plexus causes constipation or diarrhea

A

diarrhea

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25
Q

a2 agonist used for diabetic neuropathy diarrhea

A

CLONIDINE

26
Q

M3 agonist used to treat ileus (constipation)

A

BETHANECHOL

27
Q

_____ from mucosal enterochromaffin cells initiates ENS afferent signaling

A

5-HT (serotonin)

28
Q

what is released when the EC cell in mucosa senses there is food

A

5-HT

29
Q

5-HT binds what receptor on dorsal root/vagal afferent that sends signal to brainstem and then back down to start peristalsis

A

5-HT3R

30
Q

drug that blocks 5-HT3R (blocks Afferent signaling for peristalsis and secretion)

A

ALOSETRON

31
Q

drug used for IBS-D

A

ALOSETRON

32
Q

5-HT neuron through an interneuron stimulates what

A

Ach

33
Q

5-HT neuron binds what receptor on Ach to stimulate it

A

5-HT4R

34
Q

5-HT4 agonist used for constipation

A

PRUCALOPRIDE

35
Q

Dopaminergic interneuron inhibits _____ that has D2R

A

Ach

36
Q

drug that inhibits D2R (stimulates Ach) and also 5-HT4R agonist

A

METOCLOPRAMIDE

37
Q

drug contraindicated in Achalasia

A

METOCLOPRAMIDE

38
Q

D2 blockers used for constipation

A

METOCLOPRAMIDE and DOMPERIDONE

39
Q

what effect does Opioid interneuron have on Ach

A

inhibitory

40
Q

Opioid receptors on Ach that stop diarrhea

A

u, k, delta

41
Q

u-agonists that blocks Ach to produce constipation

A

LOPERAMIDE, DIPHENOXYLATE

42
Q

how does sympathetic efferent make it to NE neuron in myenteric plexus

A

short pre-synaptic and long post-synaptic axons

43
Q

how does parasympathetic (vagal) efferent make it to Ach at myenteric plexus

A

1 long axon

44
Q

when glucose binds its receptor in the gut what is produced

A

GLP-2

45
Q

GLP-2’s effect when it binds to a2

A

fluid efflux

46
Q

these are released from interneurons in ENS and relax LES, sphincter of Oddi, and GI SMC

A

VIP and NO

47
Q

pacemaker cells for the gut

A

ICCs (interstitial cells of cajal)

48
Q

what stimulates migrating motor complex (MMC) during fasting

A

ICCs

49
Q

where do ICCs originate from

A

c-KIT

50
Q

what gives rise to GI stromal tumors (GIST)

A

ICCs from c-KIT

51
Q

activated part of MMC (migrating motor complex)

A

phase 3

52
Q

what is this

A

migrating during fasting

53
Q
A

phase 3 MMC

54
Q

neurotransmitter of MMC

A

Motilin

55
Q

produced by cells of duodenal epithelium

A

Motilin

56
Q

secreted into blood under fasting conditions and regulates phase III contractions

A

Motilin

57
Q

Ab that binds 50S subunit and inhibits protein synthesis

A

Erythromycin (Macrolide)

58
Q

Ab that is an agonist of Motilin receptor

A

Erythromycin

59
Q

SE of this drug include abd cramping and diarrhea

A

Erythromycin

60
Q

increases appetite and stimulates Motilin receptor

A

Ghrelin

DIG: Biweekly 1 (11 decks)

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