AKI Flashcards
What is acute kidney injury (AKI)?
Sudden decrease in kidney function, inability to maintain acid-base, fluid and electrolyte balance and to excrete nitrogenous waste
What is AKI characterized by?
An increase in serum creatinine
What is oliguria?
Less than 400-500ml per day
What are the 3 categories of AKI?
Pre renal
Intrinsic
Post Renal
What is the most common etiology of AKI?
Pre renal, 40-80% of cases
IF pre renal AKI is reversed quickly, does damage to kidney tissue occur?
NAH
Pre renal AKI hypoperfusion can lead to what?
Secondary intrinsic kidney injury
How does decreased renal perfusion occur?
Decrease intravascular volume
Change in vascular resistance
Low Cardiac output
What medications could cause pre renal hypoperfusion?
ACEi, NSAIDS, Epi
It is important to detect post renal hypoperfusion because?
It is reversible
What causes post renal AKI?
Obstruction
When is intrinsic AKI considered?
When prerenal and post renal are ruled out
Patient presents with uremia, pericardial effusion, friction rub, arrythmias and rales in hypervolemia with nonspecific diffuse abdominal pain, what condition might they have?
AKI
What labs and findings would be seen in a patient with AKI?
BUN
Creatinine: Can help determine pre/post/intrinsic
UA: looking for RBCs, casts and WBC
What imaging should be done for AKI?
Renal US
