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EMT > Airways, Respiratory, Ventilation > Flashcards

Airways, Respiratory, Ventilation Flashcards

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1
Q

What Are The 4 Airway Steps?

A

Open, Clear, Keep, Ventilate

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2
Q

How do you open the airway?

A

Medical: Head Tilt, Chin Lift
Trauma: Jaw Thrust Maneuver

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3
Q

How long do you apply suction?

A

No more than 15 seconds

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4
Q

What are Agonal Respirations?

A

In Arrest with 0 Respirations, “Gasping”

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5
Q

What is Bradypnea?

A

Respiratory Rate Below 12

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6
Q

What is Tachypnea?

A

Respiratory Rate Above 20

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7
Q

What are Ataxic Respirations?

A

Irregular Respirations with Pauses

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8
Q

What are Cheyne-Stokes Respirations?

A

Alternation between Fast/Shallow and Heavy/Deep Respirations

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9
Q

What are Kussmaul Respirations?

A

Fast/Deep Respirations (Caused by DKA)

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10
Q

What is Respiratory Distress?

A

Increased effort of respirations.
High RR
Tachycardia
Pale.

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11
Q

What is Respiratory Failure?

A

Respirations begin to slow
PT becomes tired
Low RR
Bradycardia
Cyanosis.

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12
Q

What is Respiratory Arrest?

A

PT has 0 Respirations.

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13
Q

What is Respiratory Depression?

A

Some kind of event has caused PT to have a respiratory emergency.

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14
Q

What are Retractions?

A

Skin being pulled in between ribs.

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15
Q

What is the Tripod Position?

A

PT bent over
Hands on knees.

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16
Q

What is Ventilation?

A

Air moving in/out of the lungs.

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17
Q

What is Oxygenation?

A

How well Oxygen bonds to Hemoglobin on RBC’s

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18
Q

When do you apply Nasal Canula?

A

SPO2 is below normal with mild symptoms. Apply at 1-6 LPM.

19
Q

When do you apply NRM?

A

SPO2 is below normal
PT in Respiratory Distress
Apply at 15 LPM.

20
Q

When do you apply BVM?

A

PT is in Respiratory Failure, usually unconscious.

21
Q

How do you determine what O2 supply to use?

A

RR (resp rate), O (spo2), W (words per sentence), L (labored breathing?) RROWL

22
Q

What is CPAP?

A

Continuous Positive Air Pressure.

23
Q

When do you apply CPAP?

A

When the alveoli is failing to open
Anytime fluids are involved.

24
Q

What is BIPAP?

A

Bi-Level Positive Air Pressure
Pressure drops during PT exhale.

25
Q

What is IPAP/EPAP?

A

Settings for BIPAP
Inspatory/Expiatory Positive Air Pressure
IPAP (Higher)EPAP(Lower)

26
Q

What are typical settings for IPAP/EPAP?

A

IPAP (10cmH2O)
EPAP (5cmH2O)

27
Q

What is PEEP?

A

Positive End Expiatory Pressure

28
Q

How do you apply CPAP/BIPAP?

A

1: Sit PT Upright
2: Monitor Vitals/Lung Sounds
3: Coach PT Through It.

29
Q

What are the 3 types of Lung Sounds?

A

Wheezing
Rales
Rhonchi

30
Q

What is Wheezing?

A

Tight, Restricted airway.

31
Q

What is Rales?

A

Fluid in the lungs, Pulmonary Edema.

32
Q

What is Rhonchi?

A

“Junk” in the lungs, most commonly pneumonia.

33
Q

What is Stridor?

A

Loud, High Pitched sound caused by restricted upper airway.

34
Q

What are the main causes of Stridor?

A

Croup
Epiglottitis
Foreign Body
Inhalation Burns
Anaphylaxis
Trauma.

35
Q

What is COPD?

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

36
Q

What are the 2 Subtypes of COPD?

A

Chronic Bronchitis/Emphysema

37
Q

What are signs of Chronic Bronchitis?

A

Blue Bloaters
Overweight
Productive Cough
Excessive Mucus
Tight Airways.

38
Q

What are the signs of Emphysema?

A

Pink Puffers
Thin/Barreled Chest
Dry Cough
Pursed Lip Breathing
Failing Alveoli.

39
Q

What causes COPD?

A

Smoking, Hazardous Environments

40
Q

What are steps to treat COPD?

A

1: Raise SPO2
2: Albuterol
3: CPAP

41
Q

What is Pulmonary Embolism?

A

Restriction of the Pulmonary Arteries

42
Q

What are causes of Pulmonary Embolism?

A

Long Travel
Surgery
Cancer
Pregnancy
Birth Control
Smoking.

43
Q

What are signs of Pulmonary Embolism?

A

Shortness of Breath
Chest Pain
Tachycardia
Hypoxia.

44
Q

How to treat Pulmonary Embolism?

A

1: Raise and Maintain SPO2
2: Rapid Transport
3: EKG

EMT (5 decks)

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