Airway Management Flashcards
Why is airway management important?
Allows delivery of oxygen and volatile anaesthetic agent to patient
Allows removal of carbon dioxide
Most anaesthetics cause respiratory depression so need monitoring
Patient will have loss of airway reflexes
Scavenging and environmental protection
Allows for IPPV
‘protects airway’ - prevents secretions entering trachea
IPPV
Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation
Hypoxia
Low oxygen concentration in tissues
Hypercapnia
High CO2 concentration in blood
Hypoxaemia
Low oxygen concentration in blood
What are the methods of providing oxygen?
Oxygen cylinders (size E or J)
Oxygen Concentrators
Which size of oxygen cylinder is bigger?
J - kept outside
E is smaller
Pros of Oxygen concentrators
Extracts oxygen from environment - endless supply
More portable than cylinders
Cons of oxygen concentrators
Need electrical power supply - will need a back up if power fails
90-95% pure oxygen not 100%
How do you measure ET tube against patient
From nares to point of shoulder
Doesn’t need to go as deep in cats (just past larynx)
Parts of an ET tube
Machine end - adapter
Radiopaque marker line
Murphy eye - safety feature
Cuff
pilot line/balloon
Types of ET tube
Red rubber
Clear PVC
Armoured Tubes
Cole Tubes
What is important about intubating cats?
Spray lidocaine over larynx - prone to laryngospasm
Tube doesn’t need to go as deep as in dogs
Careful inflating cuff - prone to tracheal rupture
Pros of Red Rubber Tubes
Good seal
Reusable
Cons of Red rubber tubes
Crack over time - non-repairable
Prone to kinking
Irritant
Not possible to visualise blockages
Low volume high pressure cuff
Can lead to tracheal trauma