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EMT Class > Airway > Flashcards

Airway Flashcards

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1
Q

Ventilation

A

The mechanical process of moving air into and out of the lungs.

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2
Q

Respiration

A

Gas Exchange

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3
Q

Where does gas exchange happen in the lungs?

A

Alveoli (alveolar capillary membrane)

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4
Q

Hypoxia

A

Inadequate amount of oxygen being delivered to the cells.

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5
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Low oxygen content in the arterial blood.

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6
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish gray color that is a late sign of hypoxia.

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7
Q

Differences in Pediatric Airways

A
  1. Larger head
  2. Small nose and mouth
  3. Larger tongue takes up more space
  4. Epiglottis is U-shaped and protrudes farther posteriorly.
  5. Cricoid cartilage is the narrowest part of the airway.
  6. Trachea is narrower, softer, and more flexible.
  7. Primarily breathe off of their diaphragm.
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8
Q

Snoring

A

Upper Airway obstruction: caused by the tongue blocking the airway.

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9
Q

Crowing

A

Upper Airway obstruction: Cawing sound caused by spasm/swelling of the larynx

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10
Q

Gurgling

A

Upper Airway Obstruction: Caused by fluid in the airway (i.e. blood, vomit, or other fluid)

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11
Q

Stridor

A

Upper Airway Obstruction: High-pitched sound heard on inspiration, caused by swelling in the upper airway.

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12
Q

What is the division between the upper and lower airway?

A
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13
Q

What is the most terminal portion of the airway structures?

A
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14
Q

List 5 things that are needed during appropriate positive pressure ventilation (PPV).

A
  1. Open airway
  2. Maintain good mask seal
  3. Ventilate over 1 second
  4. Ventilate until you see chest rise
  5. Ventilate at the appropriate rate
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15
Q

What is the rate for ventilating an Infant?

A

1 breath every 3 seconds (20/min)

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16
Q

What is the rate for ventilating an child?

A

1 breath every 3-5 seconds (12-20/min)

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17
Q

What is the rate for ventilating an adult?

A

1 breath every 5-6 seconds (10-12/min)

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18
Q

What is the rate for ventilating an adult patient without a pulse?

A
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19
Q

Apnea

A
20
Q

Dyspnea

A
21
Q

Tachypnea

A
22
Q

Bradypnea

A
23
Q

What does CPAP stand for?

A
24
Q

Minute Volume

A
25
Q

Tidal Volume

A
26
Q

What is the SpO2 goal for a patient suffering from a medical condition?

A

> 94%

27
Q

What is the SpO2 goal for a trauma patient suffering from multisystem trauma?

A

> 95%

28
Q

What is the SpO2 goal for a pregnant patient who is > 20 weeks gestation and has a medical or trauma condition?

A

High concentrations of O2 regardless of the mother’s SpO2.

29
Q

What is the SpO2 goal for a patient suffering from inhaled poisons or a toxic exposure.

A

High concentrations of O2 regardless of the SpO2.

30
Q

What is the flow rate for a Bag Valve Mask (BVM)?

A
31
Q

What is the flow rate for a non-rebreather mask?

A
32
Q

What is the flow rate for a nasal cannula?

A
33
Q

What is the flow rate for a nebulizer attached to your O2 tank?

A
34
Q

What concentration of O2 does a NRB administer?

A
35
Q

What concentration of O2 does a nasal cannula administer?

A
36
Q

What concentration of O2 does a BVM administer?

A
37
Q

How do you size an OPA?

A
38
Q

How do you size an NPA?

A
39
Q

What are the contraindications for an OPA?

A
40
Q

What are the contraindications for an NPA?

A

Facial trauma

41
Q

What are the different names for the suction catheter used to suction the oropharynx?

A
  • Yaunker
  • Rigid suction catheter
  • Tonsil tip suction catheter
42
Q

What are the names of the suction catheter used to suction the nasopharynx?

A
  • Soft catheter
  • French catheter
43
Q

How long should you suction for an adult patient?

A
44
Q

How long should you suction for an infant or a child?

A
45
Q

What is the preferred method for opening an airway in a patient who has an altered mental status and is at risk for aspirating blood, secretions, or vomitus?

A
46
Q

What is the preferred method for opening an airway in a patient who had a traumatic accident?

A
47
Q
A

EMT Class (7 decks)

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