Airway Flashcards
Cellular respiration
Exchange of O2 and CO2 between cells and blood
Cyanosis
Blue / gray color resulting from lack of O2
Diffusion
Movement from high concentration to low concentration
FROPVD
Flow restricted O2 powered ventilation device
Allows rescuer to initiate ventilations without removing hands for seal. Has an automatic flow restriction to prevent over ventilation
Hypoxia
Insufficient level of O2 in the body tissue
Nasal Canula
Nasal ventilation
Pulmonary respiration
02/CO2 exchanged between alveoli and blood in the pulmonary capillaries
Respiration
Diffusion of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and the blood (pulmonary resp) and between the blood and the cells (cellular resp).
Respiratory arrest
Breathing completely stops
Respiratory distress
Increased work of breathing. Feeling of shortness of breath
Respiratory Failure
Reduction in airflow to the point where it is no longer sufficient to support life
Stoma
Hole to allow breathing
MOI
Mechanism of Injury
NOI
Nature of illness
ATV
Automatic Transport Ventilator - provides positive pressure ventilation system.
Airway - Rate
Adult 12 - 20
Child 15 - 30
Infant 25 - 50
Airway - Rythem
Regular / Irregular
Airway - quality
Adequate / Inadequate
Equal / unequal
Bilateral / left / right
Unlabored / Labored - accessory muscles, nasal flaring, seesaw, grunting, retractions between ribs and above clavicle and sternum
Adequate / shallow
Body Position normal / tripod / leaning forward
Speech normal / one word or two word dyspnea
Skin normal / pale / cyanotic / flushed
Edema none / pedal edema (ankles, calves, feet) / sacral edema (lower back in bed ridden patients)
Noises normal / Audible wheezing (without steth) / Gurgling / Snoring / Crowing / Stridor (high pitched due to upper airway obst / Coughing
SpO2 > = 95 / SpO2
Wheezes
High pitched almost musical tones created by air moving thru constricted passages in the lungs. Asthma, emphysema, bronchitis. Heard normally during exhalation.
Crackles / Rales
Bubbling sounds heard during inspiration. Fluid in the alveoli or opening of the alveoli.
Rhonchi
Lower pitched snoring or rattling sounds caused by secretions in larger airways such as with pneumonia, bronchitis, or materials breathed in (Aspirated). Usually louder than crackles.
Stridor
Upper airway obstruction of the trachea or larynx heard on inspiration without a stethoscope.
Bronchoconstriction
Constriction or blockage of the bronchi that lead from the trachea to the lungs
CPAP
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure - to prevent airway collapse or alleviate difficult breathing
Exhalation / Expiration
Passive breathing process - intercostal (rib) muscles and diaphragm relax causing chest cavity to relax and decrease in size causing positive pressure
Inhalation / inspiration
Active breathing process - intercostal (rib) muscles and diaphragm contract causing chest cavity to expand and in size causing negative pressure
Positional Asphyxia
Inadequate breathing or respiratory arrest caused by a body position that restricts breathing.
