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Phonetics Theory > Airstream Mechanisms > Flashcards

Airstream Mechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

What is supra-glottal air pressure?

A

Air pressure above the larynx

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2
Q

What is sub-glottal air pressure?

A

Air pressure below the larynx

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3
Q

What happens with increased (1) and decreased (2) air pressure?

A

(1) Compression= too much air in a small space.

(2) Rarefaction= not enough air in a big space.

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4
Q

What are the different air stream mechanisms?

A

Glottalic, pulmonic and velaric

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5
Q

What is the initiator of the glottalic airstream?

A

Larynx

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6
Q

What position is the glottis in when using the glottalic airstream?

A

Closed

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7
Q

How much air exists between the glottis and the lips?

A

100cm3

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8
Q

How is the air moved for the glottalic airstream?

A

The larynx moves up and down.

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9
Q

What sounds are produced using a glottalic airstream?

A

Ejectives
Implosives
Voiced implosives

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10
Q

How does the larynx move for the production of the larynx?

A

It moves up

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11
Q

In what language are ejectives used?

A

Hausa (African language)

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12
Q

What is the initiator during the production of implosives?

A

The larynx

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13
Q

How does the larynx move for the production of implosives?

A

Moves downwards.

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14
Q

What languages use voiced implosives?

A

Lendu (Congo)

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15
Q

When can ejectives and implosives be found in disordered speech?

A

Cochlear implant- provided to deaf people as a sense of sound.

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16
Q

What are the 3 names for the velaric airstream mechanism?

A

Velaric (velum)
Oralic (initiation in oral cavity)
Lingual (initiator is tongue)

17
Q

Where does the air exist for the velaric airstream mechanism?

A

Between the velum and lips (no pulmonic or glottalic air)

18
Q

What is the initiator of the velaric airstream mechanism?

A

Tongue

19
Q

What sounds are produced using the velaric airstream mechanism?

A

Clicks (non-english but used as expressions)

20
Q

For clicks where must there be a closure?

A

Usual places of articulation AND at the velum

21
Q

How does the tongue move for velaric clicks?

A

Moves down and back- to make airspace bigger. Air is rarefied which causes it to be sucked in. Also used for suction (eg. straw)

22
Q

What airstream is used for clicks?

A

Ingressive velaric airstream

23
Q

What are velaric egressive sounds?

A

They are physiologically possible but not used in the world.

24
Q

What sound can also be made with clicks?

A

“ng”

25
Q

What are some disorders associated with clicks?

A
  • Cleft palate: /p/ produced as bilabial click.

- Articulation: /s/, “sh” and “ch” replaced by dental click

Phonetics Theory (14 decks)

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