Airstream Mechanisms Flashcards
What is supra-glottal air pressure?
Air pressure above the larynx
What is sub-glottal air pressure?
Air pressure below the larynx
What happens with increased (1) and decreased (2) air pressure?
(1) Compression= too much air in a small space.
(2) Rarefaction= not enough air in a big space.
What are the different air stream mechanisms?
Glottalic, pulmonic and velaric
What is the initiator of the glottalic airstream?
Larynx
What position is the glottis in when using the glottalic airstream?
Closed
How much air exists between the glottis and the lips?
100cm3
How is the air moved for the glottalic airstream?
The larynx moves up and down.
What sounds are produced using a glottalic airstream?
Ejectives
Implosives
Voiced implosives
How does the larynx move for the production of the larynx?
It moves up
In what language are ejectives used?
Hausa (African language)
What is the initiator during the production of implosives?
The larynx
How does the larynx move for the production of implosives?
Moves downwards.
What languages use voiced implosives?
Lendu (Congo)
When can ejectives and implosives be found in disordered speech?
Cochlear implant- provided to deaf people as a sense of sound.
What are the 3 names for the velaric airstream mechanism?
Velaric (velum)
Oralic (initiation in oral cavity)
Lingual (initiator is tongue)
Where does the air exist for the velaric airstream mechanism?
Between the velum and lips (no pulmonic or glottalic air)
What is the initiator of the velaric airstream mechanism?
Tongue
What sounds are produced using the velaric airstream mechanism?
Clicks (non-english but used as expressions)
For clicks where must there be a closure?
Usual places of articulation AND at the velum
How does the tongue move for velaric clicks?
Moves down and back- to make airspace bigger. Air is rarefied which causes it to be sucked in. Also used for suction (eg. straw)
What airstream is used for clicks?
Ingressive velaric airstream
What are velaric egressive sounds?
They are physiologically possible but not used in the world.
What sound can also be made with clicks?
“ng”
