Airplane Instruments, Engines, and Systems Flashcards
In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the north if
an aircraft is accelerated while on an east or west heading
During flight, when are the indications of a magnetic compass accurate?
Only in straight and level unaccelerated flight
Deviation in a magnetic compass is caused by
magnetic fields within the aircraft distorting the lines of magnetic force
In the Northern Hemisphere, if an aircraft is accelerated or decelerated, the magnetic compass will normally indicate…
correctly when on a north or south heading
In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate initially a turn toward the west if
a right turn is entered from a north heading
In the Northern Hemisphere, the magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the south when
the aircraft is decelerated while on a west heading
In the Northern Hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally indicate initially a turn toward the east if
a left turn is entered from a north heading
What should be the indication on the magnetic compass as you roll into a standard rate turn to the right from a south heading in the Northern Hemisphere?
the compass will initially indicate a turn to the right, but at a faster rate than is acutally occurring
The pitot system provides impact pressure for which instrument?
airspeed indicator
Which instrument will become inoperative if the pitot tube becomes clogged?
airspeed
If the pitot tube and outside static vents become clogged, which instruments would be affected?
The altimeter, airspeed indicator, and the vertical speed indicator
Which instruments will become inoperative if the static vents become clogged?
airspeed. altimeter, and vertical speed
What does the red line on an airspeed indicator represent?
never-exceed speed
What is an important airspeed limitation that is not color coded on airspeed indicators?
maneuvering speed
What is absolute altitude?
The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface
What is true altitude?
The vertical distance of the aircraft above the sea level
What is density altitude?
The pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature
Under what condition is pressure altitude and density altitude the same value?
At standard temperature
Under what condition is indicated altitude the same as true altitude?
When at sea level under standard conditions
Under which condition will pressure altitude be equal to true altitude?
When standard atmospheric conditions exist
What is pressure altitude?
The altitude indicated when the baramotric pressure scale is set to 29.92
Altimeter setting iw the value to which the barometric pressure scale of the altimeter is set so the altimeter indicates…
true altitude at field elevation
If it is necessary to set the altimeter from 29.15 to 29.85, what change occurs?
700-foot increase in indicated altitude
If a pilot changes the altimeter setting from 30.11 to 29.96, what is the appropriate change in indication?
Altimeter will indicate 150 feet lower
If a flight is made from an area of low pressure into an area of high pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted the altimeter will indicate
lower than the actual altitude above sea level
If a flight is made from an area of high pressure into an area of lower pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate…
higher than the actual altitude above sea level
Which condition would caue the altimeter t indicate a lower altitude than true altitude?
Air temperature warmer than standard
Under what condition will true altitude be lower than indicated altitude?
In colder than standard air temperature
How do variations in temperature affect the altimeter?
Pressure levels are raised on warm days and the indicated altitude is lower than true altitude
What is a benefit of flying with a glass cockpit?
Situational awareness is increased
What steps must be taken when flying with glass cockpits to ensure safe flight?
Regularly scan both inside and outside, use all appropriate checklists, and cross check with other forms of information
An abnormally high engine oil temperature indication may be caused by…
the oil level being too low
Excessively high engine temperatures will…
cause loss of power, excessive oil consumption, and possible permanent internal engine damage
Excessively high engine temperatures either in the air or on teh ground will
cause loss of power, excessive oil consumption, and possible permanentt internal engine damage
For internal cooling, air cooled engines are especially dependent on
the circulation of lubricating oil
If the engine oil temperature and cylinder head temperature gauges ahve eceeded their normal operating range, the pilot may have been operating with
too much power and with the mixture set too lean
What action can a pilot take to aid in cooling an engine that is overheating during a climb?
reduce rate of climb and increase airspeed
what is one procedure to aid in cooling an engine that is overheating?
enrich the fuel mixture
How is engine operation controlled on an engine equipped with a constant-speed propeller?
The throttle controls power output as registered on the manifold pressure gauge and the propeller control regulates engine RPM
A precaution for the operation of an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller is to
avoid high manifold pressure settings with low RPM
What is an advantage of a constant-speed propeller?
Permits the pilot to select the blade angle for the most efficient performance
One purpose of the dual ignition system on an aircraft engine is to provide for
improved engine performance
If the ignition switch ground wire becomes disconnected, the magneto
may continue to fire
With regard to carburetor ice, float type carburetor systems in comparison to fuel injection systems are generally considered to be
more susceptible to icing
Which condition is most favorable to the development of carburetor icing?
Temperatures between 20F and 70F and high humidity
The possibility of carburetor icing exists even when the ambient air temperature is as
high as 70F and the relative humidity is high
If an aircraft is equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller and a float type carburetor, the first indication of carburetor ice would most likely be…
loss of RPM
The operating principle of float-type carburetors is based on the
difference in air pressure at the venturi throat and the air inlet
The presence of carburetor ice in an aircraft equipped with a fixed-pitch propeller can be verified by applying carburetor heat and noting
a decrease in RPM and then a gradual increase in RPM
Generally speaking, the use of carburetor ehat tends to
decrease engine performance
Applying carburetor heat will
enrich the fuel/air mixture
What change occurs in teh fuel/air mixture when carburetor heat is applied?
The fuel/air mixture becomes leaner
During the run-up at a high-elevation airport, a pilot notes a slight engine roughness that is not affected by the magneto check but grows worse during the carburetor heat check. Under these circumstances, what would be the most logical initial action?
Check the results obtained with a leaner setting of the mixture
The basic purpose of adjusting the fuel/air mixture at altitude is to
decrease the fuel flow in order to compensate for decreased air density
While cruising at 9,500 feet MSL, the fuel/air mixture is properly adjusted. What will occur if a descent to 4,500 feet MSL is made without readjusting the mixture?
The fuel/air mixture may become excessively lean
Detonation occurs in a reciprocating aircraft when
the unburned charge in the cylinders explodes instead of burning normally
Detonation may occur at high-power settings when
the fuel mixture ignites instantaneously instead of burning progressively and evenly
If a pilot suspects that the engine (with a fixed pitch propeller) is detonating during climb-out after takeoff, the intitial corrective action to take would be to
lower the nose slightly to increase airspeed
If the grade of fuel used in an aircraft engine is lower than specified for the engine, it will most likely cause
detonation
The uncontrolled firing of the fuel/air charge in advance of normal spark ignition is known as
pre-ignition
What type fuel can be substitued for an aircraft if the recommended octane is not available?
the next higher octane aviation gas
Filling the fuel tanks after the last flight of the day is considered a good operating procedure because this will…
prevent moisture condensation by eliminating airspace in the tanks
To properly purge water from the fuel system of an aircraft equipped with fuel tank sumps and a fuel strainer quick drain, it is necessary to drain fuel from the
fuel strainer drain and the fuel tank sumps
On aircraft equipped with fuel pumps, when is the auxiliary electric driven pump used?
in the event engine-driven fuel pump fails
Which would most likely cause the cylinder head temperature and engine oil temperature gauges to exceed their normal operating ranges?
using fuel that has a lower than specified fuel rating
What should be the first action after starting an aircraft engine?
adjust for proper RPM and check for desired indications on the engine gauges
Should it become necessary to handprop an airplane engine, it is extremely important that a competent pilot
be at the controls in the cockpit
An electrical system failure (battery and alternator) occurs during flight. In this situation, you would
experience avionics equipment failure
A positive indication on an ammeter
shows the rate of charge on the battery
To keep a battery charged, the alternator voltage output should be
higher than the battery voltage
Which of the following is a true statement concerning electrical systems?
lights and radios use the electrical system for power
