Aircraft Systems Flashcards
What are two types of oil available for use in your airplane?
Mineral oil -
- Also known as non-detergent oil; contains no additives
- This type of oil is normally used after an engine overhaul or when an aircraft engine is new;
- normally used for engine break-in purposes.
Ashless dispersant
- Mineral oil with additives; high antiwear properties along with multi-viscosity (ability to perform in wide range of temps).
- Also picks up contamination and carbon particles and keeps them suspended
What type of oil is recommended for this engine (for summer and winter operations)? (AFM/POH)
Know your plane
Ashless dispersant oil, usually SAE 20W-50 during the colder
months. For temperatures above 60°F (summer), use SAE 40 or
SAE 50.
Describe the electrical system on this aircraft.
(AFM/POH) Know your plane
Electrical energy is provided by a 28-volt , direct-current system , powered by an engine-driven 60-amp alternator and a 24-volt battery.
Where is the battery located? (AFM/POH)
Know your plane
The battery is located aft of the rear cabin wall.
How are the circuits for the various electrical accessories within the aircraft protected?
Most of the electrical circuits in an airplane are protected from an Overload condition by either circuit breakers or fuses or both.
What is a bus bar?
- A terminal in the aircraft electrical system to connect the main electrical system to the equipment using electricity as a source of power.
- This simplifies the wiring system and provides a common point from which voltage can be distributed throughout the system.
The electrical system provides power for what equipment in an airplane?
Normally the following:
a. Radio equipment
b. Turn coordinator
C. Fuel gauges
d. Pitot heat
e. Landing light
f . Taxi light
g. Strobe lights
h. Interior lights
1. I nstrument lights
J. Position lights
k. Flaps (maybe)
1. Stall warning system (maybe)
m. Oil temperature gauge
n . Cigarette lighter (maybe)
o. Starting motor
p. Electric fuel pu mp
What does the ammeter indicate? ( FAA-H-8083-25)
- It shows if the alternator/generator is producing an adequate power
- measurs the amperes of electricity
- indicates whether the battery is receiving an electrical charge. If the needle indicates a plus value, it means that the battery is being charged.
- If the needle indicates a minus value, it means that the generator or altern ator output is inadeqate and energy is being drawn from the battery.
What function does the voltage regulator have?
(FAA-H-8083-25)
- Controls the rate of charge to the battery by stabilizing the generator or alternator electrical output.
- The generator/ alternator voltage output is usually slightly higher than the battery voltage. For example, a 12-volt battery would be fed by a generator/alternator system of approximately 14 volts . The difference in voltage keeps the battery charged .
Does the aircraft have an external power source receptacle, and if so where is it located? (AFM/POH) Know your plane
Yes, the receptacle is located behind a door on the left side of the fuselage aft of the baggage compartment door
What type of ignition system does your airplane have?
- Engine ignition is provided by two engine-driven magnetos, and two spark plugs per cylinder.
- The ignition system is completely independent of the aircraft electrical system.
- The magnetos are self-contained units supplying electrical current without using an external source of power.
- However, before they can produce current, the magnetos must be actuated as the engine crankshaft is rotated by some other means . To accomplish this, the aircraft battery furnishes electrical power to operate a starter which , through a series of gears, rotates the engine crankshaft. This in turn actuates the armature of the magneto to produce the sparks for ignition of the fuel in each cylinder. After the engine starts , the starter system is disengaged and the battery no longer contributes to the actual operation of the engine.
What are the two main advantages of a dual ignition system?
a. Increased safety - in case one system fails the engine may be operated on the other until a landing is safely made.
b. More complete and even combustion of the mixture, and consequently improved engine performance; i.e., the fuel/air mixture will be ignited on each side of the combustion chamber and burn toward the center.
How does the aircraft cabin heat work? (AFM/POH) Know your plane
Fresh air, heated by an exhaust shroud, is directed to the cabin through a series of ducts.
How does the pilot control temperature in the cabin? (AFM/POH) Know your plane
- Temperature is controlled by mixing outside air (cabin air control) with heated air (cabin heat control) in a manifold near the cabin firewall.
- This air is then ducted to vents located on the cabin floor.
What are several types of oxygen systems in use?
- Diluter-demand
- Pressure-demand
- Continuous-flow