Aircraft Handling Fundamentals

Question 1

Danger areas for aviation include:

Answer 1

Intakes, exhaust, flight controls, compressed gases, cryogenics, explosives, hazardous materials, eye, hearing and other industrial environment dangers.

Question 2

Purpose of Aircraft Static Grounding:

Answer 2

Discharges the static electricity harmlessly to the earth or deck. Aircraft generate static electricity while in flight or during operation of internal electrical equipment.

Question 3

Procedures for grounding A/C:

Answer 3

Hook up a grounding strap to a certified static ground and then to the aircraft grounding receptacle. Extra care must be taken to always hook the grounding strap to the deck first, failure to do so could cause the discharge of electricity through the person holding the strap.

Question 4

Purpose of Windshield static grounding:

Answer 4

Necessary because during flight a high voltage (100,000 volts) static electrical charge may build up and be stored in the windshield. After flight or prolonged exposure to high winds on deck, static charge build up must be discharged using a static charge removal kit before personnel can safely touch the windshield.

Question 5

Aircraft Securing:

Answer 5

Aircraft have to be tied down to the deck when not in use and during maintenance evolutions. The wind velocity determines which category of tie-down must be used for securing the aircraft.

Question 6

Up to 45 Knots. Initial tie-down:

Answer 6

A minimum of 6 chains are required, initial tie-down is used immediately prior to, in between, or immediately after flight.

Question 7

Up to 45 Knots. Normal weather tie-down:

Answer 7

9 chains required.

Question 8

46 to 60 Knots. Moderate weather tie-down:

Answer 8

14 chains required.

Question 9

Above 60 Knots. Heavy weather tie-down:

Answer 9

20 chains required.

Question 10

Towing Operations:

Answer 10

Towing speed shall not exceed 5 mph or the speed of the slowest walker. During cold weather towing avoid excessive power and sudden movement of tow vehicle. High breakaway loads imposed by snow, ice, or frozen tires may result in damage to landing gear.

Question 11

Moving Aircraft:

Answer 11

The movement of aircraft is accomplished by a team of six to ten personnel with each person being assigned a specific task in the moving evolution.

Question 12

Move Director:

Answer 12

Overall responsible for assembling the move crew, ensuring they are properly qualified to perform their duties, pre-move briefing, safe movement of the aircraft with an emphasis on safety.

Question 13

Brake Rider:

Answer 13

Conducts a pre-move inspection of brake system and aircraft to ensure it is mechanically sound and ready for movement.

Question 14

Chock Walker:

Answer 14

Responsible for removing, carrying and installing the wheel chocks. This individual escorts the aircraft while being moved and is always alert and ready to chock the aircraft.

Question 15

Safety Observers:

Answer 15

Primarily responsible for ensuring that the aircraft is ready to be towed and that there is ample clearance for the aircraft. The safety observers are positioned at the wing tips and tail of the aircraft.

Question 16

Tractor Driver:

Answer 16

Responsible for the safe and slow movement of the aircraft from hook up to the final parking spot. This individual is responsible directly to the Move Director and must be fully qualified and licensed for the equipment they are operating.

Question 17

Emergency Shore Based Recovery Equipment:

Answer 17

In an emergency situation, such as a blown tire, an indication that the landing gear has not locked, the pilot is sick, or any one of the numerous emergencies that could arise-you must arrest the aircraft and stop it in the shortest distance possible. This is to minimize the chance of an accident that could cause injury to the pilot and crew or damage to the aircraft.

Question 18

Safety Hazard Areas include:

Answer 18

Intakes
Exhaust
Propellers
Rotor Blades
Hot Brakes

Question 19

Wind Indicator:

Answer 19

Provides a method for prompt issuance of wind directions and velocities to pilots.

Question 20

Airfield Rotating Beacon:

Answer 20

When the airport is below VFR weather conditions, the airport rotating beacon is used to identify the airport’s
location during darkness and daylight hours. Rotation is in a clockwise direction when viewed from above. The
beacon is always rotated at a constant speed, which produces the visual effect of flashes at regular intervals. The flashing rate is 12 to 15 flashes per minute.

Question 21

Tower Visual Communications:

Answer 21

A coordination device between the radar controller and the control tower. Visual communication provides a
sequence of lights and switches that supplement other circuits on the interphone system and serve to reduce the number of voice contacts between the tower and radar controller.

Question 22

Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN) system:

Answer 22

TACAN uses a bearing determining system to determine aircraft position and distance from a TACAN
station. The primary navigation aid used by carrier based aircraft.

Question 23

Instrument Landing System (ILS):

Answer 23

The most precise enroute navigation system is of little value unless an approach and landing can be
successfully completed at the aircraft’s destination. The ILS provides an approach path for exact alignment and descent of an aircraft on final approach to a runway.

Question 24

VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR):

Answer 24

The VOR is a radio facility that eliminates many of the difficulties previously encountered in air navigation.
VOR course information is not affected by weather or other factors common to ADF. With a course indicator, it
is possible to select and precisely fly any one of 360 courses to or from a VOR.

Question 25

Global Positioning System (GPS):

Answer 25

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based radio position and navigation system designed to
provide highly accurate three-dimensional position, velocity, and time data to suitably equipped aircraft
anywhere on or near the earth. The Satellite Vehicle (SV) consists of 24 operational satellites in six circular orbits
(10,900 nmi) above the earth at an inclination angle of 55E with a 12-hour period. The satellites are spaced in
orbit so that at any given time a minimum of four satellites will be in view to users anywhere in the world.

Question 26

GPS Navigation Set process/components:

Answer 26

The GPS Navigation Set receives and processes SV signals, combines them with air data information, and
then calculates and displays the aircraft position for navigation. The information includes present aircraft
position, course information, distance and time to waypoint and desired track, along with other navigation
information. GPS consists of three independent segments—the satellite segment, ground segment, and the user segment.