Air Test Practice COPY Flashcards
How did Americas demographics change (new races and cultures?) from the increase in immigration resulting from passage of the 1965 Immigration Act.
The 1965 Immigration Act allowed more individuals from Asia, Africa and Latin America to enter the United States. The resulting immigration impacted the country’s demographic makeup. Hispanics became the fastest growing minority in the U.S. which led to an increase in Spanish language media and funding for bilingual education programs
Explain why and how innovation created tensions in American society.
ncreased automobile ownership contributed to the growth of suburbs, the creation of new businesses (e.g., motels, gas stations) and the expansion of others (e.g., rubber, plate glass, petroleum, steel). New surfaced roads were constructed to accommodate increased traffic. But use of the automobile also challenged traditional family values and tried the patience of travelers. Young people used cars to exercise freedom from parental rules. Increased numbers of commuters had to face the problems of traffic congestion.
Why did the United States Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles (Explain the Kellog-Brand Pact)?
We wanted to be isolationist through the Kellogg-Briand Pact to prohibit war as “an instrument of national policy.” In taking a leading role in these later treaties, the United States sought to limit its involvement in international affairs
What were the main goals of the progressive movement and explain how they were influenced by industrialization
Progressives fought political corruption and introduced reforms to make the political process more democratic, Progressives introduced reforms to address the ills associated with industrial capitalism.
Explain the reasons for and the impact of the Great Migration on northern cities and the African American community.
African Americans moved from the South to the North to escape the Jim Crow laws and to get jobs in Northern cities -They brought with them their culture (music, art, language, food) and helped start the Harlem Renaissance
Explain what the Federalist papers were, what they were trying to do, and who was writing them.
Federalist papers were written to convince people why the Constitution was needed (need for national taxation, the benefits of a strong national defense, the safeguards in the distribution of powers and the protection of citizen rights). It was written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay.
What were the basic rights the colonists believed they possessed as English citizens?
natural rights and the social contract (protection of the government from other nations, taxes being used for public goods, police, etc.)
Explain what the Harlem Renaissance was and list 4 important people.
Harlem Renaisance- African American culture including art, music, poetry, writing, dress, and food. Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, Langston Hughes, Aaron Douglas
Why did America want to become an Imperial nation?
Military, economic, and political goals. They wanted new markets and prestige, an expanded navy and a sense of cultural superiority.
Explain why the standards of living increased for most Americans following WWI.
Technological innovations in communication included commercial radio broadcasts, talking motion pictures, and wider circulation of newspapers and magazines. These innovations influenced the development of a popular culture and mass advertising.
Provide the arguments for and against the use of the atomic bomb against Japan.
For- saved American lives, quickened the end of the war, scare the Soviet Union, save more Japanese lives in the long run, test new technology Against- killed 200,000 innocent civilians, radiation and environmental problems, expensive to build,
Explain how Soviet spy cases heightened American fears during the second red scare providing specific examples.
People thought spies were giving away important nuclear and military secrets. The Rosenbergs, Alger Hiss, Klaus Fuchs were all convicted spies
Explain what impact the Great Migration had on cities after WWI both positive and negative (Harlem Renaissance)
Harlem Renaisance- African American culture including art, music, poetry, writing, dress, and food. Increased racial tensions,
Explain how civilians helped the war effort (even though they weren’t involved in any combat.
Scrap drives were conducted to reallocate materials for war goods. Regulations were imposed on some wages and prices. Some products were subjected to rationing. Citizens raised victory gardens to supplement food supplies and purchased war bonds to help fund the war. Some labor unions signed no-strike pledges.
Provide me with a list of 4-6 of the main problems with the Articles of Confederation.
-Could not tax -No executive branch -No national military -No national currency -Weak central government -9 out of 13 states needed to pass laws -No judicial branch
Compare the structure of the government under the Articles of Confederation to the structure of the government under the Constitution. (What are the main similarities and differences)
Articles of Confederation- Strong State Gov, weak central gov, no executive branch, no judicial branch, states are basically “mini countries” Constitution- strong central gov, weaker state gov, president, executive branch, separation of powers between the three branches
Provide examples of how the United States supported economic and educational reforms in former communist countries.
The U.S. supported economic and education reforms by providing assistance to some of the former communist countries by sending teachers, and a lot of money to help former communist countries
Cite 5-7 examples of workplace abuse/unsafe working conditions confronted by labor unions at this time.
-long hours, low pay, dangerous, crowded, no workers compensation, child labor, disease, urban living
List and explain the political challenges the United States faced in the post-Cold War period and following the attacks on September 11, 2001.
Changing role of the United States in global politics (e.g., preemptive wars); Issues surrounding the control of nuclear weapons;Broadening of terrorism; and Dynamic of balancing national security with civil liberties.
Explain how American life in the postwar period was impacted by the postwar economic boom and by advances in science.
Advances in science following the war also impacted American life. Examples include: Medicine (e.g., polio vaccine, birth control pill, artificial heart valve, open-heart bypass, organ transplant, genetic engineering); Communication (e.g., transistor, television, computers, Internet, mobile phones); Nuclear energy (e.g., atomic weapons, nuclear power plants); and Transportation (e.g., passenger jet airplanes, catalytic converters in cars).
How did the United States government look to limit immigration? and explain how they believed this would help America.
The US created the Quota System limiting immigrants from countries who were not “white”. Deported many people who they thought might be communists.
Explain the policy of containment (how did we do it) and the reasons for its establishment by the United States during the Cold War in response to the spread of communism.
The US wanted to ensure that communism would not spread to the rest of the world and we fought this by having proxy wars (Korea, Vietnam), and spending a lot of money (Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine) to rebuild Europe and bribe them.
Explain what a labor union is and describe its purpose and cite examples of their tactics (ways to achieve goals).
A group of workers who come together to collectively bargain to improve their situation. They collectively bargain with management and also can go on strikes
What were the neutrality acts and why were they significant
Laws that made it illegal to sell anything to countries at war. We could not become involved in any conflict overseas
Explain what the Cash and Carry, and Lend-Lease policies are and how they led to increased interventionism.
Cash and Carry allowed our allies to buy with cash and carry the products themselves from our ports. Lend-Lease allowed our allies to use our military equipment against our enemies
Describe challenges faced by American producers and local communities as a result of overseas competition.
Overseas competition has challenged American producers and local communities. The U.S. trade deficit has increased with the value of goods and services imported exceeding those that are exported. This has led to a decrease in manufacturing jobs and closing of plants. It also has contributed to a shift toward service industries and a growth in lower-paying jobs in fast food and sales. an American automobile might have parts imported from several countries and be assembled in yet another country.
Identify and explain changes American society experienced with the mobilization of its economic and military resources during World War II.
Helped the economy, gave minorities and women jobs, increased pay for workers People had to sacrifice with food stamps, war bonds, getting drafted
What was the main goal of the (NATO) North Atlantic Treaty Organization?
To create a partnership and allies to rotect Western Europe and the United States from the Soviet Union and the Warsaw Pact
Explain the Palmer Raids and how they contributed to the first Red Scare after WWI.
A. Mitchell Palmer was the Attorney General of the US and was sent bombs in the mail who he thought was from commnuists/anarchists. In response, he began to deport and arrest immigrants and anyone thought to be a communist or anarchist (usually immigrants).
Explain how the expansion in the role of the government in the 1930s and early 1940s continued to be the focus of political debates in the postwar period.
For the economy, the debates were between those who wanted bigger government to correct inequities and those who felt that the government should lessen its involvement and let the marketplace work.
Summarize debates surrounding the government’s role on social welfare issues
The government’s role on social welfare issues attracted intense debates, particularly relating to poverty, unemployment and national health insurance. Should we help people or should they help themselves?
