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Nick Flash Cards > Air Conditioning > Flashcards

Air Conditioning Flashcards

1
Q

How many Air Conditioning Zones are there?

A

3 independent zones:

  1. Cockpit
  2. FWD Cabin
  3. Aft Cabin
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2
Q

Basic Summary of how air conditioning system works

A
  1. Pneumatic hot air sent to Pack 1 and Pack 2 (Via Pack Control Valve)
  2. The hot pneumatic air entered the primary heat exchanger
  3. The heat exchanger cools the air by the external air from the ram air inlet
  4. The cooled air from heat exchanger enters the Air Cycle Machine where it is compressed (higher pressure and temperature)
  5. The hot/high pressure air is then sent to the Main Heat Exchanger where it is cooled again (by external RAM air)
  6. Air then passed through a reheater and condenser (converting air moisture into water droplets)
  7. Water droplets collected and sprayed into ram air inlet (increasing cooling)
  8. Air then sent to Turbine section of the ACM where it expands (creating cooling), powering the compressor and cooling fan
  9. Cool air ducted to mixer unit for distribution to the cabin
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3
Q

How is the air temperature controlled?

A

The conditioned air from the mixer unit has hot air added to it from the hot pneumatic air (tapped upstream of the packs)

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4
Q

How many Air Conditioning Controllers are there and what do they do?

A

2 of them for temp control:

No. 1 used for cockpit

No.2 used for both the Fwd and Aft cabins

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5
Q

Where are the Packs located?

A

In the belly area just forward of the main landing gear

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6
Q

What are the components of a Pack?

A

Each pack is comprised of:

  1. Air Cycle Machine
  2. Primary Heat Exchanger
  3. Main Heat Exchanger
  4. Components for water removal

[heat exchangers use RAM air to cool the hot pneumatic air - then ram air is exhausted overboard]

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7
Q

What does the Turbine Bypass Valve do?

A

Modulates the pack outlet temperature

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8
Q

How is are the Pack Flow Control Valves controlled?

A
  1. Electronically controlled and pneumatically operated
  2. Via PACK 1 and PACK 2 pbs
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9
Q

What does the Mixer Unit do?

A
  1. Mixes conditioned air with cabin air
  2. It is able to accept ground conditioned air or ram air
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10
Q

What does the RAM AIR pb do?

A
  1. Opens the RAM AIR INLET VALVE (if opened in auto mode - will open 50%)
  2. Emergency supply of external air to cabin
  3. Used if both packs fail or for cabin smoke removal
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11
Q

What does the HOT AIR pb do?

A
  1. When on (normal lights out position), supplies the trim air valves with hot pneumatic air
  2. Valve will close automatically if duct overheat senses
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12
Q

What do the three turn knobs do for cockpit, fwd cabin and aft cabin do (hot to cold)?

A

Temperature setting.

They are electronically adjust the trim air valves which add hot pneumatic air to the conditioned air of the mixer unit

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13
Q

Amber “FAULT” light on PACK 1 pb. What does this indicate?

A

Overheat; and/or

Pack control valve not in the position commanded

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14
Q

What is the range of the 3 temp controllers

A
  1. Max cold - 18 degrees
  2. 12 o’clock position - 24 degrees
  3. Max hot - 30 degrees
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15
Q

What does the PACK FLOW selector positions do? (Lo, Norm and Hi)

A

Controls the pack flow valve

  1. LOW - 80% flow
  2. NORM - 100% flow
  3. HI - 120% flow

Note: if operating on one pack or APU bleed supply - Hi is automatically provided (regardless of pack flow selector)

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16
Q

AIR PACK 1 and 2 AMBER FAULT

A

Update if covered in class

17
Q

A cabin altitude above ???? will cause the EXCESS CAB ALT warning to be displayed?

A

9,550 feet

18
Q

Components of the pressurisation system

A
  1. 2 x Cabin Pressure Controllers
  2. 1 x Residual Pressure Control Unit
  3. 1 x Outflow Valve
  4. 3 x Electric Motors
  5. CABIN PRESS panel
  6. 2 x Safety Valves
19
Q

What does the DITCHING pb do on the Cabin Press Panel?

A

Closes the outflow valve and all other valves below the floatation line

20
Q

Where is the outflow valve and how is it operated?

A
  1. Location - rear right of fuselage
  2. Operated by an actuator that is driven by three electric motors (2 motors for auto mode and 1 for manual mode)
21
Q

Where are the safety valves and what to do they do?

A
  1. There are 2 safety valves in rear bulkhead.
  2. They operate automatically to prevent cabin pressure from going too high (8.6 to minus 1 PSI)
22
Q

How does the pressurisation system work if the FMGC has failed?

A
  1. It operates in Semi-Automatic Mode
  2. Pilot selects the landing elevation on overhead panel
  3. This causes the pressurisation system to adjust its internal schedules for timings on pressurisation
23
Q

What does the MAN V/S control toggle do?

A
  1. Positions the manual motor to open or close the outflow valve to the desired position
  2. It uses the CPC independent backup section (which uses own electrical power supply and pressure sensor to provide ECAM info)
24
Q

What is ground mode (pressurisation)

A

At the Gate

  1. Outflow valve fully open
  2. This prevents pressure differential in cabin
  3. Allows cabin doors to be open
25
Q

Describe Pre Pressurisation Mode

A

Take Off

  1. When thrust levers set for take off
  2. Cabin differential pressure set to plus 0.1 PSI, using a rate of change of minus 400 ft/min
  3. Purpose is to prevent a pressure surge at rotation
26
Q

Climb mode

A

From rotation

Pressurisation is done in accordance with a fixed schedule which depends on the aircraft rate of climb and altitude

27
Q

Cruise mode

A
  1. Cabin differential pressure maintained at max 8.06 (this figure from CBT) or landing field elevation (whichever is higher)
  2. Cabin altitude maintained at 8,000 ft
28
Q

Descent Mode

A
  1. Controlled rate of descent of 750ft/min
  2. Computer target is to be at cabin differential pressure of plus 0.1 PSI just prior to landing
29
Q

Landing mode

A
  1. At touchdown - the final 0.1 PSI of pressure is released at 500ft/min
30
Q

Ground mode 2 (after landing)

A
  1. After aircraft has landed and on ground for 55 seconds, the outflow valve fully opens - reducing the cabin differential pressure to 0 PSI
31
Q

What is Abort Mode

A
  1. Resets cabin altitude to departure airport if:a) below 8,000 ft; OR
    b) change of altitude less than 5,075 since take off AND rate of descent greater than 200 ft per second for 30 seconds
32
Q

Ditching push button caution

A

Caution - with the ditching push button switch ON, the outflow valve will close only when the pressurisation is in the automatic mode

33
Q

When do the safety valves open?

A

When cabin differential pressure is between 8.2 and 8.9 PSI

34
Q

What are the three separate aircraft ventilation systems?

A
  1. Avionics (blower / extract fans)
  2. Battery (Venturi effect)
  3. Cabin, Toilets and Galleys (Fans draw cabin air from toilets and galleys and exhaust overboard near the outflow valve)
35
Q

3 Avionics Ventilation Configuration

A
  1. OPEN CIRCUITa) on ground before take off
    b) uses skin cooling (outside air drawn in through skin air inlet valve)
  2. CLOSE CIRCUITa) on ground (when skin temp below threshold, when thrust levers set for take off or in flight)
    b) skin air inlet and extraction valves are closed
  3. INTERMEDIATEa) in flight when skin temp above 35 degrees
    b) same as closed config save that sole of extracted air is discharged through a small flap in the skin air extract valve
36
Q

Smoke in avionics

A
  1. Smoke detector detects smoke
  2. BLOWER and EXTRACT pbs show an amber FAULT and are selected to OVRD
  3. Blower fan stops
  4. Extract fan continues to run
  5. Air conditioning inlet valve opens
  6. Skin air extract valve opens

Nick Flash Cards (17 decks)

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