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criminology unit 4 > Aims of punishment > Flashcards

Aims of punishment Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 main aims of punishment?

A

Retribution, Rehabilitation, Deterrence, public protection and reparation

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2
Q

What is the aim of retribution?

A

Avenge the victim and the public for offenders crime.

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3
Q

What is proportionality?

A

Where the punishment fits the crime and leads to a system or fixed scale of mandatory penalties.

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4
Q

What theories does retribution link to

A

Right realism - fitting the consequence of the crime zero tolerance
Functionalism - retribution performs boundary maintenance

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5
Q

Does retribution work

A

Argue offenders deserve forgiveness

Punishment has to bee inflicted even if no good comes from it

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6
Q

What is the aim of rehabilitation?

A

reform offenders and reintroduce them into society

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7
Q

What are examples of punishment for retribution?

A

Life sentence, prison, the death penalty

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8
Q

What are examples of punishment for rehabilitation?

A

community sentences and probation orders

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9
Q

What theories does rehabilitation link to?

A

Individualistic theories - behaviour modification treatments such as CBT
Sociological theories - Left realism

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10
Q

Does rehabilitation work

A

Right realists - argue it has limited success

Marxists - criticise it for shifting responsibility for crime into individuals

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11
Q

What is the aim of deterrence?

A

To prevent crime from being committed in society.

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12
Q

Examples of deterrence punishments

A

Suspended sentence

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13
Q

What theories link to deterrence

A

Right realism - rational choice theory and situational crime prevention

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14
Q

Does deterrence work

A

Half of all prisoners re-offend within a year of release

deterrence assumes offenders know the punishments but ignores the penalties

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15
Q

What is the aim of public protection

A

punishment must serve a useful purpose for society as a whole by protecting them from danger

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16
Q

Example of public protection punishments

A

Curfews, tagging, castration

17
Q

What theories link to public protection

A

Biological - Lombroso argued criminals were biologically different
Right Realists - see incapacitation as a way of protecting the public

18
Q

Does public protection work

A

Incapacitation leads to longer sentences and doesn’t deal with the cause of crime
Unjust as it imprisons them for crimes the law assumes they may commit in the future

19
Q

What are the aims of reparation

A

Compensating the victim and providing a financial penalty

20
Q

Example of reparation punishment

A

financial sentencing, community service and unpaid work

21
Q

What theories link to reparations

A

Labelling theory - favours restorative justice

Functionalists - argue that restorative justice is essential

22
Q

Do reparations work

A

May not work for all types of offence

Hard to make reparations for sexual or violent offences

criminology unit 4 (6 decks)

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