Aims + Hypotheses

Question 1

What is an aim?

Answer 1

An aim is a lredise statement about the ourpose of the study + what it intends to find out

• first step when conducting research
• should include what is being studied + what it’s trying to achieve

Question 2

What is the operationalisation of variables?

Answer 2

Second step when conducting research:

• descide upon the IV + DV and operationalise these (define + state how we’re goong to measure)

Question 3

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 3

A hypothesis is a precise, testable statement about the expected outcome of an investigation

• third step when conducting research + operationalise it

Question 4

What are significant differences?

Answer 4

Significant differences = differences in DV resulting from manipulation of IV

Question 5

What are the two types of hypotheses?

Answer 5

• null hypothesis

- alternative/ experimental hypothesis

Question 6

What is a null hypothesis?

Answer 6

This states that the IV will have no effect on the dependsnt variable

E.g. eating chocolate will gave no significant effect on a person’s mood
E.g. using ipads in lessons will have no effect on behaviour
E.g. coca cola has no effect on energy levels of young people

Question 7

What is an alternative/ experimental hypothesis?

Answer 7

This predicts that the IV will have an effect on the DV

E.g. chocolate will have an effect on kood

Question 8

What are the two types of alternative/ experimental hypotheses?

Answer 8

• non-directional hypothis (two tailed)

- directional hypothesis (one tailed)

Question 9

What is a non-directional hypothesis (two tailed)?

Answer 9

Alternative/ experimental hypothesis:

Doesn’t state the direction of the predicted differences between conditions

E.g. eating chocolate will significantly affect a person’s mood)
E.g. anxiety affects the level of adrenaline in the blood
D.g. Alcohol affects reaction time

Question 10

What is a directional hypothesis (one tailed)?

Answer 10

Alternative/ experimental hypothesis:

• states the direction of the predicted differences between conditions (e.g. eating chocolate will INCREASE a person’s mood)

E.g. men who have beards are perceived as older than men without
E.g.the faster you type, the more mistakes you make
E.g. boys are more aggressive than girls