Aikido Vocabulary L-Z Flashcards
MA AI
Proper distancing and timing
Proper distancing and timing
MA AI
MAE
Front
Front
MAE
MAE UKEMI
Forward break falls
Forward break falls
MAE UKEMI
MARUI
Circular, round; a principle in AIKIDO techniques
Circular, round; a principle in AIKIDO techniques
MARUI
MASAKATSU
True victory/truth victorious
True victory/truth victorious
MASAKATSU
METSUBUSHI
Blinding the eyes. A strike to the eyes with the back of the fist, or a substance to throw in someone’s eyes. Note to be confused with the company MITSUBISHI.
Blinding the eyes. A strike to the eyes with the back of the fist, or a substance to throw in someone’s eyes. Note to be confused with the company MITSUBISHI.
METSUBUSHI
MIGI
Right
Right
MIGI
MISOGI
Purification of the mind and body
Purification of the mind and body
MISOGI
MOCHI
To grasp or carry with the hands. Also TORI.
To grasp or carry with the hands. Also TORI.
MOCHI
MOKUSO
Literally silent thought; quiet contemplation.
Literally silent thought; quiet contemplation.
MOKUSO
MUDANSHA
Students without black belt ranks.
Students without black belt ranks.
MUDANSHA
MUNE
Chest
Chest
MUNE
MUNE-DORI/MOCHI
Chest grasp, grasped lapel
Chest grasp, grasped lapel
MUNE-DORI/MOCHI
MUNE-ZUKI
Punch or thrust to the base of the breastbone
Punch or thrust to the base of the breastbone
MUNE-ZUKI
NAGARE
Flowing. KI NO NAGARE means stream of spirit. See also RYU.
Flowing. KI NO NAGARE means stream of spirit. See also RYU.
NAGARE
NAGE
To throw or the thrower (person who is doing the technique, TORI or SHITE).
To throw or the thrower (person who is doing the technique, TORI or SHITE).
NAGE
NANAME
Diagonal or oblique
Diagonal or oblique
NANAME
NIDO
Two times
Two times
NIDO
NIDO MAWARI
2 times pivot
2 times pivot
NIDO MAWARI
NIDO-ZUKI
2 time thrust
2 time thrust
NIDO-ZUKI
NIKYO
Second teaching. KOTE MAWASHI or wrist turn. Also called NIKAJO
Second teaching. KOTE MAWASHI or wrist turn. Also called NIKAJO
NIKYO
NUKI TSUKE
Drawing the sword
Drawing the sword
NUKI TSUKE
O SENSEI
“Great teacher”
“Great teacher”
O SENSEI
OBI
Sash or belt
Sash or belt
OBI
OMOTE
Surface or front. Also called SHOMEN.
Surface or front. Also called SHOMEN.
OMOTE
ONAJIKU
In the same way
In the same way
ONAJIKU
ONEGAI SHIMASU
Please, in this context “I welcome you to train with me”. Polite and formal.
Please, in this context “I welcome you to train with me”. Polite and formal.
ONEGAI SHIMASU
OSAE
Pressing, pushing. To immobilize/control.
Pressing, pushing. To immobilize/control.
OSAE
OSAE WAZA
Pinning techniques
Pinning techniques
OSAE WAZA
OTAGAI (NI) REI
Blow (to) each other
Blow (to) each other
OTAGAI (NI) REI
OTOSHI
Drop or let fall.
Drop or let fall.
OTOSHI
OYO
Application
Application
OYO
RANDORI
Free style practice; all out training.
Free style practice; all out training.
RANDORI
REI
Bow
Bow
REI
REIHO/REIGI
Etiquette
Etiquette
REIHO/REIGI
RENRAKU
Connection, communication.
Connection, communication.
RENRAKU
RENSHU
Practice, exercise. REN here means train, and SHU means learn.
Practice, exercise. REN here means train, and SHU means learn.
RENSHU
RENZOKU
Continuation
Continuation
RENZOKU
RIAI
The interrelationship of principles. RIAI refers to the similarities in body movement, distancing, and timing involved in meeting an opponent; whether one is armed or empty handed. In a larger sense, RIAI also refers to the similarities in principles and goals of all the Japanese ways.
The interrelationship of principles. RIAI refers to the similarities in body movement, distancing, and timing involved in meeting an opponent; whether one is armed or empty handed. In a larger sense, RIAI also refers to the similarities in principles and goals of all the Japanese ways.
RIAI
ROKUDAN
Sixth degree black belt in martial arts ranking systems
Sixth degree black belt in martial arts ranking systems
ROKUDAN
RYO
Both
Both
RYO
RYOKATA-DORI/MOCHI
Both shoulders grasped
Both shoulders grasped
RYOKATA-DORI/MOCHI
RYOTE
Both partner’s wrists grasped
Both partner’s wrists grasped
RYOTE
RYU (NAGARE)
A school or tradition, martial art or otherwise.
A school or tradition, martial art or otherwise.
RYU (NAGARE)
SABAKI
Handling. ASHI SABAKI is handling the feet or footwork.
Handling. ASHI SABAKI is handling the feet or footwork.
SABAKI
SAMURAI
Retainer. In Japanese, BUSHI is more commonly used to mean a member of the warrior class.
Retainer. In Japanese, BUSHI is more commonly used to mean a member of the warrior class.
SAMURAI
SANDAN
Third degree black belt in martial arts ranking system. Third rank or grade.
Third degree black belt in martial arts ranking system. Third rank or grade.
SANDAN
SANKYO
Third teaching. KOTE HINERI or wrist twist. Also called SANKAJO.
Third teaching. KOTE HINERI or wrist twist. Also called SANKAJO.
SANKYO
SANKAKU
Triangle
Triangle
SANKAKU
SATORI
Enlightenment; spiritual awakening or realization. Term common in ZEN BUDDHISM.
Enlightenment; spiritual awakening or realization. Term common in ZEN BUDDHISM.
SATORI
SATSUJINKEN
The sword that kills people
The sword that kills people
SATSUJINKEN
SAYA
Scabbard
Scabbard
SAYA
SAYU UNDO
Left/right exercise
Left/right exercise
SAYU UNDO
SEIRETSU
Line up
Line up
SEIRETSU
SEIZA
Position when seated on one’s heels. Also used as a command.
Position when seated on one’s heels. Also used as a command.
SEIZA
SEMPAI
Senior. The SEMPAI/KOHAI relationship is particularly important in Japanese culture and permeates all areas of life. Japanese are always conscious of whether people they meet are above or below them in social status in regards to their seniority.
Senior. The SEMPAI/KOHAI relationship is particularly important in Japanese culture and permeates all areas of life. Japanese are always conscious of whether people they meet are above or below them in social status in regards to their seniority.
SEMPAI
SEMPAI (NI) REI
Bow (to) senior
Bow (to) senior
SEMPAI (NI) REI
SENSEI
Teacher/instructor. Originally meant first born, compare with DESHI.
Teacher/instructor. Originally meant first born, compare with DESHI.
SENSEI
SENSEI (NI) REI
Bow (to) teacher
Bow (to) teacher
SENSEI (NI) REI
SEPPUKU
Ritual suicide by self-disembowelment
Ritual suicide by self-disembowelment
SEPPUKU
SHIAI
Contest; match; competition. Competition does not exist in AIKIDO except for most TOMIKI RYU AIKIDO, a few KI Society groups.
Contest; match; competition. Competition does not exist in AIKIDO except for most TOMIKI RYU AIKIDO, a few KI Society groups.
SHIAI
SHICHIDAN
Seventh rank or grade. Seventh degree black belt in martial arts ranking system.
Seventh rank or grade. Seventh degree black belt in martial arts ranking system.
SHICHIDAN
SHIDOIN
A formal title meaning approximately ‘instructor’. The middle of three instructor levels instituted by the AIKIKAI HOMBU DOJO in the mid 1970’s; corresponds approximately to fourth and fifth degree black belts. The three instructor levels in ascending order are FUKUSHIDOIN, SHIDOIN and SHIHAN.
A formal title meaning approximately ‘instructor’. The middle of three instructor levels instituted by the AIKIKAI HOMBU DOJO in the mid 1970’s; corresponds approximately to fourth and fifth degree black belts. The three instructor levels in ascending order are FUKUSHIDOIN, SHIDOIN and SHIHAN.
SHIDOIN
SHIHAN
A formal title approximately meaning model instructor. The highest of the three instructor levels instituted by the AIKIKAI HOMBU DOJO in the mid 1970’s. Corresponds approximately to sixth degree black belt and above.
A formal title approximately meaning model instructor. The highest of the three instructor levels instituted by the AIKIKAI HOMBU DOJO in the mid 1970’s. Corresponds approximately to sixth degree black belt and above.
SHIHAN
SHIHO NAGE
Four direction throw. Technique where SHITE passes under UKE’s arm, pivots 180 degrees, and throws. This technique originally included a pin with the arm barred in SHIHO NAGE position to complete.
Four direction throw. Technique where SHITE passes under UKE’s arm, pivots 180 degrees, and throws. This technique originally included a pin with the arm barred in SHIHO NAGE position to complete.
SHIHO NAGE
SHIKAKU
Dead angle, blind spot. A position relative to one’s partner where it is difficult for them to continue their attack.
Dead angle, blind spot. A position relative to one’s partner where it is difficult for them to continue their attack.
SHIKAKU
SHIKKO
Knee walking. A form of walking pivoting on the knees from SEIZA which improves balance and hip stability, preparing the student for executing SUWARI WAZA.
Knee walking. A form of walking pivoting on the knees from SEIZA which improves balance and hip stability, preparing the student for executing SUWARI WAZA.
SHIKKO
SHIME
A choke or lock, for example HIJI-JIME is an elbow lock.
A choke or lock, for example HIJI-JIME is an elbow lock.
SHIME
SHINAI
The mock weapon used in modern sport KENDO. The SHINAI is made of split lengths of bamboo tied together.
The mock weapon used in modern sport KENDO. The SHINAI is made of split lengths of bamboo tied together.
SHINAI
SHINKEN
The live or sharpened steel sword
The live or sharpened steel sword
SHINKEN
SHINKEN SHOBU
Literally real swords, victory or defeat
Literally real swords, victory or defeat
SHINKEN SHOBU
SHINKOK YU
Deep breathing
Deep breathing
SHINKOK YU
SHINTO
“The way of the gods.” The indigenous religion of Japan.
“The way of the gods.” The indigenous religion of Japan.
SHINTO
SHITE
Person executing the technique or throw. The defender, also called TOR or NAGE. Literally “doing hand”.
Person executing the technique or throw. The defender, also called TOR or NAGE. Literally “doing hand”.
SHITE
SHODAN
Beginner level. First degree black belt.
Beginner level. First degree black belt.
SHODAN
SHOMEN
Front face. Also called OMOTE.
Front face. Also called OMOTE.
SHOMEN
SHOMEN (NI) REI
Bow (to) front of DOJO.
Bow (to) front of DOJO.
SHOMEN (NI) REI
SHOMEN UCHI
Front strike to the head. MENUCHI for short.
Front strike to the head. MENUCHI for short.
SHOMEN UCHI
SHOSHIN
Beginner’s mind each time you are UKE or NAGE.
Beginner’s mind each time you are UKE or NAGE.
SHOSHIN
SHUGYO
Austere training
Austere training
SHUGYO
SHUTO (TEGATANA)
Hand blade, cut with edge of arm
Hand blade, cut with edge of arm
SHUTO (TEGATANA)
SUKASHI WAZA
Techniques performed without allowing the attacker to complete a grab or initiate a strike.
Techniques performed without allowing the attacker to complete a grab or initiate a strike.
SUKASHI WAZA
SODE
Sleeve
Sleeve
SODE
SOKE
Head of family or house; used in martial arts to refer to the individual who is the blood successor/founder of a martial art tradition.
Head of family or house; used in martial arts to refer to the individual who is the blood successor/founder of a martial art tradition.
SOKE
SOTAI DOSA
Movement with partner
Movement with partner
SOTAI DOSA
SOTO
Outside
Outside
SOTO
SUBURI
Basic striking or thrusting with a JO or BOKKEN
Basic striking or thrusting with a JO or BOKKEN
SUBURI
SUBURITO
A heavy BOKKEN for use in SUBURI practice
A heavy BOKKEN for use in SUBURI practice
SUBURITO
SUIGETSU
Literally water moon, refers to the solar plexus in the middle of the chest below the breastbone.
Literally water moon, refers to the solar plexus in the middle of the chest below the breastbone.
SUIGETSU
SUKI
An opening or gap where one is vulnerable to attack
An opening or gap where one is vulnerable to attack
SUKI
SUMI
Corner
Corner
SUMI
SUMI OTOSHI
Corner drop. A throwing technique where UKE is unbalanced diagonally backwards by the extended hand or SHITE.
Corner drop. A throwing technique where UKE is unbalanced diagonally backwards by the extended hand or SHITE.
SUMI OTOSHI
SURI ASHI
Sliding steps
Sliding steps
SURI ASHI
SUWARI
Sitting
Sitting
SUWARI
SUWARI WAZA
Seated techniques
Seated techniques
SUWARI WAZA
TACHI
A type of Japanese long sword intended to be worn edge down
A type of Japanese long sword intended to be worn edge down
TACHI
TACHI REI
Standing bow
Standing bow
TACHI REI
TACHI-DORI
Long sword taking
Long sword taking
TACHI-DORI
TACHI WAZA
Standing techniques
Standing techniques
TACHI WAZA
TAI (KARADA)
Body
Body
TAI (KARADA)
TAI ATARI
Striking with one’s body, entering and blocking
Striking with one’s body, entering and blocking
TAI ATARI
TAI NO HENKO/ TAI NO TENKAN
Evasive body movements/turning
Evasive body movements/turning
TAI NO HENKO/ TAI NO TENKAN
TAI SABAKI
Body movement. Step, turn 180 degrees, step back. Also called IRIMI TENKAN.
Body movement. Step, turn 180 degrees, step back. Also called IRIMI TENKAN.
TAI SABAKI
TAIJUTSU
Body arts; i.e. unarmed practice
Body arts; i.e. unarmed practice
TAIJUTSU
TANDEN
Literally cinnabar field. The spot in the center of the abdomen where one’s center of balance is when standing. Short for SEIKA TANDEN.
Literally cinnabar field. The spot in the center of the abdomen where one’s center of balance is when standing. Short for SEIKA TANDEN.
TANDEN
TANDOKU DOSA
Solo exercise
Solo exercise
TANDOKU DOSA
TANINZU-DORI
Training against multiple attackers
Training against multiple attackers
TANINZU-DORI
TANTO
A dagger or knife
A dagger or knife
TANTO
TANTAMI
Straw mat
Straw mat
TANTAMI
TE
Hand
Hand
TE
TEGATANA
“Hand-sword”; since AIKIDO techniques are based on sword movements, the hand with the fingers spread should function as a sword, the little finger edge of the hand, blade-side. Sometimes called SHUTO.
“Hand-sword”; since AIKIDO techniques are based on sword movements, the hand with the fingers spread should function as a sword, the little finger edge of the hand, blade-side. Sometimes called SHUTO.
TEGATANA
TEGATANA ATE
Strike with the hand-blade
Strike with the hand-blade
TEGATANA ATE
TEGATANA MICHIBIKI
Leading/guiding with the hand-blade
Leading/guiding with the hand-blade
TEGATANA MICHIBIKI
TEGATANA YOKE
Knife hand block
Knife hand block
TEGATANA YOKE
TEKUBI
“Hand neck” wrist
“Hand neck” wrist
TEKUBI
TEKUBI MAWASHI
Wrist circling
Wrist circling
TEKUBI MAWASHI
TENCHI
Heaven and earth. TENCHI NAGE : “heaven and earth throw”.
Heaven and earth. TENCHI NAGE : “heaven and earth throw”.
TENCHI
TENKAI
Pivot
Pivot
TENKAI
TENKAN
Turning movement, especially turning the body 180 degrees
Turning movement, especially turning the body 180 degrees
TENKAN
TENSHIN
Body turn, a movement where NAGE retreats 45 degrees away from the attack.
Body turn, a movement where NAGE retreats 45 degrees away from the attack.
TENSHIN
TORI
Taking/grasping or the person who is throwing. Another name for SHITE or NAGE. May also be pronounced – DORI.
Taking/grasping or the person who is throwing. Another name for SHITE or NAGE. May also be pronounced – DORI.
TORI
TORIFUNE
“Taking a boat.” Rowing exercise for breathing and posture. Also called FUNAKOGI.
“Taking a boat.” Rowing exercise for breathing and posture. Also called FUNAKOGI.
TORIFUNE
TOSHU
Bare hands
Bare hands
TOSHU
TOSHU WAZA
Technique without weapons
Technique without weapons
TOSHU WAZA
TSUBA
Hand guard for the sword/BOKKEN
Hand guard for the sword/BOKKEN
TSUBA
TSUKA
Handle of the sword/BOKKEN
Handle of the sword/BOKKEN
TSUKA
TSUKI
A punch or thrust. May also be pronounced ZUKI
A punch or thrust. May also be pronounced ZUKI
TSUKI
UCHI (1)
“Inside”; movement inside UKE’s arm
“Inside”; movement inside UKE’s arm
UCHI (1)
UCHI (2)
Hitting or striking
Hitting or striking
UCHI (2)
UCHI DESHI
Inner disciple. A live in student, a student who lives in the DOJO and acts as a 24 hour trainee/attendant.
Inner disciple. A live in student, a student who lives in the DOJO and acts as a 24 hour trainee/attendant.
UCHI DESHI
UDE
Arm
Arm
UDE
UDE-GARAMI
Arm entanglement
Arm entanglement
UDE-GARAMI
UDE OSAE
Arm control, another name for IKKYO
Arm control, another name for IKKYO
UDE OSAE
UDEKIME NAGE
Arm-bar throw, type of KOKYU NAGE where UKE’s arm acts as a lever arm
Arm-bar throw, type of KOKYU NAGE where UKE’s arm acts as a lever arm
UDEKIME NAGE
UESHIBA KISSHOMARU
The third son of the found of AIKIDO and second AIKIDO DOSHU
The third son of the found of AIKIDO and second AIKIDO DOSHU
UESHIBA KISSHOMARU
UESHIBA MORIHEI
The founder of AIKIDO
The founder of AIKIDO
UESHIBA MORIHEI
UESHIBA MORITERU
he grandson of the founder and current AIKIDO DOSHU
he grandson of the founder and current AIKIDO DOSHU
UESHIBA MORITERU
UKE
One who receives, the person being thrown or the partner who receives the technique
One who receives, the person being thrown or the partner who receives the technique
UKE
UKEMI
“Receiving with the body”. Break falls; controlling the fall when thrown. MAE UKEMI is a forward roll or fall, USHIRO UKEMI is a back roll or fall
“Receiving with the body”. Break falls; controlling the fall when thrown. MAE UKEMI is a forward roll or fall, USHIRO UKEMI is a back roll or fall
UKEMI
UNDO
Exercise or drill
Exercise or drill
UNDO
URA
Reverse side or back
Reverse side or back
URA
USHIRO
Backwards or behind
Backwards or behind
USHIRO
USHIRO UKEMI
Back rolls or falls
Back rolls or falls
USHIRO UKEMI
USHIRO WAZA
Rear techniques, techniques applied when one is attacked from the rear
Rear techniques, techniques applied when one is attacked from the rear
USHIRO WAZA
WAKI-GAMAE
Sword pointed down and back
Sword pointed down and back
WAKI-GAMAE
WAKIZASHI
Short sword
Short sword
WAKIZASHI
WAZA
Techique
Techique
WAZA
YAME
Stop or finish. A command.
Stop or finish. A command.
YAME
YOKE
Avoidance, block
Avoidance, block
YOKE
YOKO
Side or horizontal
Side or horizontal
YOKO
YOKOMEN UCHI
Side blow to the head
Side blow to the head
YOKOMEN UCHI
YONKYO
Fourth teaching. TEKUBI OSAE or wrist pin. Also YONKAJO
Fourth teaching. TEKUBI OSAE or wrist pin. Also YONKAJO
YONKYO
YUBI
Fingers or toes
Fingers or toes
YUBI
YUDANSHA
Person holding black belt rank
Person holding black belt rank
YUDANSHA
ZANSHIN
Balance and aware state. It is the “following through” of a technique. One is connected to the UKE even after the throw in an unbroken flow of KI, simultaneously ready to receive any new attack. A moment of settling and stillness at the completion of the technique while remaining attentive and balanced.
Balance and aware state. It is the “following through” of a technique. One is connected to the UKE even after the throw in an unbroken flow of KI, simultaneously ready to receive any new attack. A moment of settling and stillness at the completion of the technique while remaining attentive and balanced.
ZANSHIN
ZORI
Sandals worn off the mat to help keep the mat clean
Sandals worn off the mat to help keep the mat clean
ZORI
