Agonists of Extrinsic muscles Flashcards
Extrinsic muscles
- Bracheocephalicus (Cleidocephalicus- cervical and mastoid part, Cleidobrachialis)
- Omotransversarius
- Trapezius (cervical and thoracic part)
- Rhomboideus (capitis, cervicis, thoracis)
- Latissimus dorsi
- Cutaneous trunci
- Platysma
- Serratus ventralis (cervicis and thoracis part)
- Deep pectoral
- Superficial pectorals (transverse and descending pectorals)
Agonist of protraction of limb
Omotransversarius & Brachiocephalicus (compound muscle)
What is an example of a compound muscle?
Brachiocephalicus
Agonist of retraction of limb
Latissimus dorsi & Deep pectoral
Agonist for supporting the trunk
Serratus ventralis
& deep pectoral helps.
Serratus ventralis is the most important at holding the trunk between the limbs (needed because no bony link) because when it is ruptured, the scapula will protrude dorsally
Agonist for drawing scapula against the trunk
Rhomboids
Agonist for elevation
Trapezius and rhomboideus
Agonist for depression
Serratus ventralis
Agonist for Abduction
Trapezius
Agonist for Adduction
Deep pectoral
& Superficial pectorals help
Agonist for internal rotation of limb
Trapezius
Caused by contraction of cervical part
Agonist for external rotation of limb
Trapezius
Caused by contraction of thoracic part
Extrinsic lymph nodes
- Prescapular or Superficial cervical lymph nodes (2)- typically palpable in healthy dog
- Axillary node- not typically palpable in healthy dog
- Accessory node- not typically palpable in healthy dog but also not constant (not found in all dogs)
Parts vs. heads of muscles
Parts= means that the origins are separate, and the insertion is at the same location but separate tendons
Ex. rhomboideus- 3 different origins and insertions
Head= When origins are separate but there is a common tendon at insertion
Ex. quadriceps= 4 heads so separate origins but same tendon at insertion
