Aging Dementia And Degenrstive Dx Flashcards
What are the most common MRI findings in semantic dementia
Left anterior temporal lobe atrophy
This is a language variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
Speech is fluent but they know me as presents language difficulties associated with loss of meaning of words
What is the best alternative treatment for vascular dementia
Mediterranean diet The role of vitamin supplementation, anti-inflammatory medications, antioxidants, and statins and the prevention vascular cognitive impairment has not been well established
What are the most common MRI findings and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia
Orbital frontal atrophy
Patients present with disinhibition, personality changes and socially inappropriate behavior
What symptoms are associated with posterior cortical atrophy
Ocular apraxia, ocular ataxia and simultanagnosia with bilateral occipital atrophy
This is also called Balint syndrome
What are the core features of dementia with Lewy bodies
Parkinsonism, visual hallucinations, fluctuations in attention and cognition
Suggested features of DLB include REM sleep behavior disorder and severe neuroleptic sensitivity
Supportive features include recurrent falls and syncope, autonomic dysfunction and neuropsychiatric symptoms such as anxiety depression and delusions
What is the best option for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease if patients have side effects of nausea and vomiting
Rivastigmine patch
What Non pharmacological treatments have been shown to improve agitation and those with dementia
Music therapy, bright light therapy, like physical exercise, socialization with family members and friends
What is corticobasal syndrome
Typically associated with parkinsonism, with asymmetrical apraxia and rigidity that may be associated with a asymmetrical parietal atrophy on MRI
What are the diagnostic features of the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia
Three of the following feature: disinhibition, apathy, loss of sympathy or empathy, preservation or compulsions, hyper orality or executive dysfunction. MRI findings typically show significant frontal atrophyset shifting can be used to assess for executive dysfunction
What is logopenic aphasia
This is a type of primary progressive aphasia patients tend to have fluent speech with an inability to repeat single words but not short phrases or sentences speech rate may be moderately reduced MRI findings typically show atrophy in the left temporal parietal region
What are the clinical characteristics of semantic dementia
Anomia due to a loss of words meaning and surface dyslexia due to difficulty reading orthographically irregular words : speech rate is typically normal but comprehension for single words are complex sentences is decreased MRI findings typically show left anterior temporal atrophy the majority of these patients have TDP – 43 pathology
Let our clinical characteristics of primary progressive nonfluent aphasia
Repetition for both single words and phrases is impaired and speech is significantly reduced comprehension is generally intact MRI findings typically show atrophy in the left posterior frontal insular region many of these patients have Tau pathology
What CS F findings are associated with Alzheimer’s disease
Low amyloid beta 42 and high Tau levels
What is the dose intravenous alteplase for ischemic stroke
0.9 mg per kilogram with 10%given as initial bolus and the remaining 90% infused over the next hour
