Aggression - institutional aggression

Question 1

DeLisi (importation model)

Answer 1

• 831 male participants
• several variables relevant to importation model e.g age and education
• strongest predictors of prison violence were the criminal career variables
• sociodemographic variables also highly significant
• support for behaviours, beliefs and characteristics being imported into prison
• ignores deprivation factors such as levels of confinement
• large sample and several variables measured, strong and convincing model

Question 2

Jiang and Fisher-Giorlando (deprivation/importation)

Answer 2

• interviews and observations with inmates and prison staff
• both models helped to explain violence however deprivation slightly more powerful
• addressed internal validity problem in DeLisi as both models were compared in the same prison

Question 3

Grapendaal (deprivation/importation)

Answer 3

• both models and inmates level of opposition and explotation
• standardized questionnaires and observation techniques
• deprivation model was far better at predicting opposition to the institution and at shaping policy decisions in prisons

Question 4

Zimbardo (lucifer effect)

Answer 4

• guards became quickly abusive towards prisoners
• guards had no formal training, resorted to aggression to control prisoners
• mitigated as not real guards and behaviour could be due to the study
• behaviour is due to social factors, can’t control own behaviour so blame on situation rather than own morals