Aggression

Question 1

Define aggression

Answer 1

Intentional behaviour that harms a human being and that is outside the laws or rules of the game/activity

Question 2

What are the 4 components of aggression?

Answer 2

Intent
Harm
Outside the rules
Towards humans

Question 3

What is hostile aggression?

Answer 3

The intention to harm outside of the rules, an an emotional response to another performer/situation

Question 4

What is reactive aggression?

Answer 4

A form of hostile aggression in which there is a conscious attempt to injure another person in retaliation

Question 5

What is instrumental aggression?

Answer 5

Aggression that harms as a means to achieve another goal

Question 6

What is channelled aggression?

Answer 6

Feelings of aggression that are diverted into useful positive actions

Question 7

Explain the instinct theory of aggression

Answer 7

• Aggressive behaviour is inherited and not learnt
• Aggressive impulses build up and can be damaging if not released
• It is therefore necessary to release that destructive energy and this can occur through aggressive acts either in legal or illegal ways

Question 8

What is catharsis?

Answer 8

The release of pent up emotions or feelings of aggression

Question 9

What is frustration?

Answer 9

A psychological state that occurs when satisfaction is made difficult or impossible

Question 10

Explain the frustration aggression hypothesis of aggression

Answer 10

• The existence of frustration always leads to some form of aggression
• Aggression is made more likely if frustration is unexpected or frustration happens close to the goal
• Being prevented from achieving our goal leads to us feeling prevented
• Frustration then leads to aggression
• Agrgression can have a cathartic effect which reduces levels of frustration

Question 11

What are the weaknesses of the frustration hypothesis?

Answer 11

• Not all individuals who experience frustration exhibit aggressive behaviour
• Sometimes individuals display aggression even when they’re not frustrated
• Individuals who become aggressive when frustrated do not do so on every occasion

Question 12

Explain the aggressive cue theory of aggression

Answer 12

• For aggressive behaviour to actually occur, socially learned cues or certain stimuli must be present within the environment
• E.g cues might include encouragement from the coach to act affressively, seeing role models act in such a way, affressive repeated objects or places
• Certain environmental conditions such has high temp can act as a stressor an increase aggression

Question 13

Explain the social learning theory of aggression

Answer 13

• We learn by observing others
• If we see role models punished for aggressive behaviour, we are unlikely to copy
• If we see a role model receiving praise, we are likely to copy

Question 14

Explain the deindividuation theory of aggression

Answer 14

• Individuals, in certain situations, will act differently when in a crowd
• The larger to crowd, the more likely it is for the individual to act as the crowd does rather than in accordance with their own beliefs and values

Question 15

How can aggression be controlled?

Answer 15

• Fine
• Sent of pitch
• Sponsorshop
• Channel aggression
• Mental rehearsal
• Praise for good behaviour