Aggravated Wounding

Question 1

Section

Answer 1

191 (1)(a) or (b) or (c) Crimes Act 1961

Question 2

Penalty

Answer 2

14 years

Question 3

Ingredients

Answer 3

1) (a)With Intent to commit or facilitate the commission of any imprisonable offence.
OR
(b)With intent to avoid detection of himself or any other person in the commission of any imprisonable offence.
OR
(c)With intent to avoid arrest or facilitate flight of himself or any other person upon the commission or attempted commission of any imprisonable offence.

2) Wounds any person
OR
Maims any person
OR
Disfigures any person
OR
Causes GBH to any person
OR
Stupefies any person
OR
Renders unconscious any person
OR
By any violent means, renders any person incapable of resistance.k

Question 4

Intent

Answer 4

There are two specific types of intention in an offence. Firstly there must be an intention to commit the act and secondly, an intention to get a specific result.

Question 5

R v Taisalika

Answer 5

The nature of the blow and the gash which it produced on the complainant’s head would point strongly to the presence of the necessary intent.

Question 6

R v Tihi

Answer 6

In addition to the specific intents outlined in paragraphs (a), (b) or (c), it must be shown that the offender either meant to cause the specified harm or foresaw that the actions undertaken by him were likely to expose others to risk of suffering it.

Question 7

a) Commit
Or
Facilitate

Answer 7

To make possible or to make easy or easier.

Question 8

R v Sturm

Answer 8

Under section 191 (1)(a), it is not necessary for the prosecution to prove that the intended crime was actually subsequently committed.

Question 9

b) Avoid Detection

Answer 9

Offender causes the specified harm to prevent himself or another person from being caught in the act.

Question 10

c) Avoid arrest
Or
Facilitate Flight

Answer 10

To make possible or to make easy or easier.
The specified harm is caused to enable the offender(s) to more easily effect their escape, or to prevent their capture after the commission or attempted commission of an imprisonable offence.

Question 11

An Imprisonable Offence

Answer 11

S5 CPA 11

Normal meaning - any offence punishable by life imprisonment or a term of imprisonment.

Question 12

R v Wati

Answer 12

There must be proof of the commission or attempted commission of a crime either by the person committing the assault or by the person whose arrest or flight he intends to avoid or facilitate.

Question 13

R v Waters

Answer 13

A breaking in the skin with a flow of blood, more often than not will be external, may be internal.

Question 14

Maims

Answer 14

Will involve mutilating, crippling or disabling part of the body so the victim is deprived of the use of a limb or one of the senses. There need to be some degree of permanence.

Question 15

Disfigures

Answer 15

To deform or deface, mar or alter the figure or appearance of a person

Question 16

R v Rapana and Murray

Answer 16

The word disfigure covers not only permanent damage but also temporary damage.

Question 17

Grievous Bodily Harm

Answer 17

GBH can be defined as harm that is really serious.

Question 18

DPP v Smith

Answer 18

Bodily harm needs no explanation and Grievous means no more and no less than really serious.

Question 19

R v Sturm - Stupefies

Answer 19

To cause an effect on the mind or nervous system of a person, which really seriously interferes with that person’s mental or physical ability to act in a way which might hinder an intended crime.

Question 20

Render Unconscious

Answer 20

To cause to be rendered unconscious. Must cause the victim to lose consciousness.

Question 21

By any violent means renders capable of resistance

Answer 21

Includes the application of force that physically incapacitates a person.

Question 22

R v Crossan

Answer 22

Incapable of resistance includes a powerlessness of the will as well as a physical incapacity.

Question 23

Any Person

Answer 23

Gender neutral. Proven by judicial notice or circumstantial evidence.