Age Of Anxiety And Imperialism Flashcards
Psychoanalysis
Created by the Freud the idea that you are made of the id, ego and super ego. That your actions are influenced by these and your repressed emotions/memories.
Social Darwinism
Taking ideas of natural selection to societies. The idea that bigger societies are better and stronger than smaller and therefore inferior societies. It gave the right to go in an take over “smaller/inferior” societies to “help them”.
Modernism
A change in viewing life/ society and a change in science (not hard fact of rationalism like before). It involved changes in art and literature.
Impressionism
Art movement starting in 1870 France that focused on originality/ distinction with a subject focus on the upper middle class. Used bright colors and dynamic brush strokes to show reality but not realistically.
Post Impressionism
Same focus on light and color but more attention to structure and form (geometric). A start to modern art. Think Picasso and Vincent Van Gogh.
Cubism
A sector in post Impressionism started by Pablo Picasso and used the geometric shape of things in art.
Balkans
People that had been under ottoman control in Eastern Europe and on land that both russia and Austria wanted so they helped the balkans fight against the ottomans
Albert Einstein
Created the theory of relativity (everything is related/connected and depends on each other not separate) and was during a time in new science that questioned the thinking of the scientific Revolution, showing that the world wasn’t as simple or straightforward as a machine like thoughts before. Ex. Atom not basic building block
Henri Bergson
French philosopher, against reason because it provides knowledge but incapable of ultimate reality which can only be seen through experience
Georges Sorel
French philosopher that created revolutionary socialism, that violent action is only way to achieve and a small elite should run because masses can’t do it themselves
imperialism
Europeans go to colonize and takeover Africa and Asia in 1800s for economic, political and racism reasons
scramble for Africa
Europeans swarm to Africa to gain resources for their country because they can as they don’t have to worry about diseases and believe they are morally right
Berlin conference
Europeans without the Africans decide borders for all of Africa and take sections for the main European powers (GB, France, Belgium, Germany, etc.)
Boer war
1899, Dutch Africans against the British taking over South Africa. GB wins but outcry over terrible tactics so they GB slowly end up leaving.
Militarism
Expansion of army and importance of military in making political decisions in the start of WW1
Total war
WW1 where every person and citizen is effected by and part of the war
Stalemate
When both sides aren’t winning or gaining on one another. Happens at western front in WW1.
Trench warfare
In WW1 where each side built elaborate trenches with a no mans land in between. Wasn’t the same quick fast war as before and held a lot of horrors.
The schlieffen plan
Germany’s plan for a quick defeat of the allies. Involved going through neutral Belgium to take northern France while also going into Russia. Led to stalemate and brought GB in war.
Western front
The war effort that took place in France after Germany invaded
Eastern front
WW1, Where Russia fought against Germany and Austria
League of Nations
Started by the idea of president Wilson and was like the precursor to the UN. US didn’t join
Treaty of Versailles
Ended WW1, made Germany pay and go in debt for war, split up the Austrian empire (Poland, Yugoslavia, etc.) Germany and Russia lost land
Weimar Republic
German gov’t after WW1 that was a republic but was instable due to debt.
LENIN
Wrote April theses saying that Russians should overthrow govt with violence, only way to socialism or now communism
March Revolution
Started by a women’s strike in Petrograd and turned wider. Caused the tsar to leave and a new govt with Duma but split into two sides
Bolshevik revolution
Overthrow provisional gov’t under Lenin to give it back to lower class in 1917, however new govt doesn’t elect a majority of bolsheviks so is dissolved
Treaty of Brest Litovsk
Signed by Lenin that gives away some of Russia land to Germany. He didn’t want to but had too to not cause more international problems with a new and somewhat unstable govt
Soviets
In Russia gov’t, the council or a group in the gov’t who were kind of with Lenin. They supported overthrow of tsar and a more radical lower class.
Bolsheviks (red army)
Under Lenin and his idea of communism that controlled russia
The white forces
Other socialist and groups against red army. Disunited so weaker to red army
Russian revolution
Civil war after Bolshevik revolution were red army fights against white forces, is able to take back Ukraine after they fight back because their forces are disunited and red army respond way quicker
War communism
Under Lenin, create a central state, national bank and created Cheka to keep russia together under Lenin.
New economic policy
Reparations
Mandates
