After Time Served

Question 1

Risk Responsivity Model

Answer 1

Tailored to criminal populations for targeted treatment based on a series of principles derived from predictors on criminal behaviour. Assess risk of likelihood to re-offend and prioritize treating them.
1. RISK: Likelihood to reoffend
2. NEED: Based on 8 criminogenic needs. What to target
3. RESPONSIVITY: How to target based on needs and risk level

Question 2

Risk Principle

Answer 2

-Use validated assessments to assess needs
-Tailor treatment to individual risk
On a continuum, higher risk to lower risk.
-Higher, greater level of service. When placed in programming, higher risk 5x less likely to reoffend compared to lower risk.

Question 3

Need Principle

Answer 3

Needs are not 1 size meets all, inappropriate assignment may result in increased reoffending.
-Successfully addressing associated with 19% difference in recidivism

Question 4

Central 8

Answer 4

Big 4
-History of criminal behaviour
-Antisocial personality disorder
-Antisocial peers
-Criminal cognitions

-Family/marital problems
-Lack of education/employment
-Substance abuse
-Leisure activities

Question 5

Assessment Principle

Answer 5

Ask 6 Questions
1. is it reliable
2. is it valid overall
3. is it valid over subpopulations
4. is it susceptible to manipulation
5. has it been independently evaluated
6. what are the limitations in what is empirically known about the tool
associated with statistical measures to assure tool meets scientific standards

Question 6

Responsivity Principle

Answer 6

Targeting treatment programs to an incarcerated to individuals ability and learning style so client is most responsive to treatment being provided.
-CBT based and use social learning
-consider type of learning, and preferences.

Question 7

8 criminal thinking styles

Answer 7

fuel criminal cognition and ASPT. How people with criminal histories view and navigate the world. More likely to justify their negative behaviours that keep them involved with JS.
1. Mollification: tendency to blame others or situation “the system is against me”
2.Cut off: Supports impulsive action to get wants “this isn’t worth my time”
3. Entitlement: sense of ownership, privilege, and uniqueness. “if I want something I am going to take it”
4. Power orientation: craving of power and seeking control
5. Sentimentality: doing something good or nice makes them a good person and overrides bad they have done in past.
6. Superoptimism: Belief will avoid negative outcomes
7. Cognitive indolence: tendency to take shortcuts and looks for easy way out
8. Discontinuity: Lose sight of personal long-term goals

Question 8

Meera Patel - Employment related outcomes for people with sexual offenses

Answer 8

Mock Job application vignette
-male job applicants. work history, education, references, race(name), demographic information and criminal history(battery v. sexual battery). Previous work history was the same.
-Criminal offence type influenced outcomes (work-related behaviours, social distance someone wanted from criminal offence).
In sexual history, attributed to more psychologically and physically harmful to victim as opposed to being good worker or not.
-No effect of race, may be due to increase in biases.

Question 9

Consequences of unemployment

Answer 9

Increased rate of recidivism in criminal populations
-tax payer costs
Mental health challenges

Question 10

Employment Barriers

Answer 10

-Some business owners are reluctant to hire, individual may lack basic work skills
-Criminal offense type bias: employers reluctant to hire individuals with a sexual offence due to negative reception between staff and customers
-Racial biases: black applicants without a criminal offence considered lower levels education, less likely to be hired compared to applicants who are white.