African Americans in North and South Flashcards
Where did most African Americans live in the South ?
small rural towns
What kind of Jobs did African Americans work in the South ?
agricultural occupations or in menial service roles
African Americans in the South lived under De ______ segregation under the ___ _______ laws
Juro (by law), Jim Crow Laws
How were African Americans kept from voting in the South ?
using a variety of borderline illegal methods
Explain how the church was an extremely unifying force in the South.
This is because Black preachers were afforded more respect than ordinary African Americans by the White population.
Explain one problem with Black Preachers in the South being afforded more respect than ordinary African Americans by the White population.
This meant many Black preachers were content with not challenging segregation.
From 1882 - 1968, How many African Americans were lynched, (These were predominately in the South)
around 3500
What happened to African Americans in the South if they stood up to segregation ?
It would mean harassment and violence for their families & the possible loss of jobs if news reached their employers.
What was the Third Klan ?
in the 1950s, the Ku Klux Klan experienced a kind of revival with the third Klan which. The Third Klan was organised across the South and used violence against Black Americans.
What kind of segregation existed in the North ?
de facto segregation - wasn’t enforced by Jim crow laws, only societal prejudice and constraints.
What was economic segregation ?
This existed within the De facto segregation in the North and included ghettoisation.
In 1900, What percentage of the Black population lived outside the South ?
only 8%
What was the great migration ?
The period of time between the 1910s and 1970s that saw around 6 million African Americans migrating from Southern states to the midwest, west and Northern states.
What happened to the Black population as a result of the Great migration from 1910 -1970 ?
It created a substantial dislocation of the Southern black population.
Give 4 reasons as to why the Great Migration happened.
1) revival of the KKK into the Third Klan
2) mechanisation of agriculture
3) Great Depression
4) creation of a huge number of factory jobs in the North
In the 1940s, how many African Americans left the South and Migrated North as part of the ‘Great Migration’ ?
1.4 million
In the 1950s, how many African Americans left South and migrated North as part of the ‘Great Migration’ ?
1.1 million
What were living conditions like in the North ?
1) cramped apartments in the centre of cities
2) Rents were often high
3) landlords would neglect property
Even though many African Americans were in work in the North, why were they prevented from moving out of their cramped apartments in the centre of cities ?
This is due to Restrictive covenants and de facto segregation
Give one benefit of the high concentration of Black Americans in the North ?
Black political power grew in certain areas
Give 2 specific examples of African Americans being elected to the House of representatives showing how Black political power grew in the North.
1) William L Dawson was elected in Chicago
2) Adam Clayton Powell was elected in Harlem
Which groups were able to organise more effectively in the North due to the high concentration of Black Americans reflecting a burgeoning of political power. (3)
1) NAACP
2) CORE
3) Urban League
Who was the first Black baseball player in Major league baseball in 1947 ?
Jackie Robinson
When was Jackie Robinson awarded MVP in major league baseball ?
1949
Who was Joe Lewis ?
A world heavyweight champion in Boxing
What nickname did World heavyweight champion, Joe Lewis acquire ?
the “Brown Bomber”
By 1949, how long had boxer Joe Lewis held the World Heavyweight title for ?
12 years
Give an example of an industry of where poorly paid jobs were available in the North.
in the Automobile industry in Detroit
