Africa, the Ottoman Empire, the new imperialism 25 Flashcards
palm oil
the west African product used to make soap; the British encouraged its cultivation as an alternative to the slave trade; important because marked the beginning of economic development in sub-saharan Africa
jihad
religious war waged by muslim scholars and religious leaders against both animalistic rulers and islamic states that they deemed corrupt; important because it was the beginning of an islamic revival in the 18th and 19th centuries;
sokoto caliphate
founded in 1809 by uthman dan fodio; this African state was based on islamic history and law; important b/c it became on of the most prosperous regions in Africa and islam became much more deeply rooted in subsaharan Africa then ever before
Berlin conference
a meeting of European leaders held in 1884-1885 to lay down basic rules for imperialist competition in sub-saharan Africa; timing was after Leapold II mislead European leaders about his ruling of Congo; important because it marked the beginning of the “African fever” and the imperialism in Africa
protectorate
germany established autonomous states or territories partly controlled and protected by a stronger outside power; did this over small African kingdoms; timing coincided with the Berlin conference and the African fever; important because Europe began to imperialize Africa and they were forced to do what they say or die
afrikaners
descendants of the dutch settlers in the cape colony in South Africa; engaged in battle with the British; they moved northward; engaged in South African war with Britain; important b/c after the war they were able to govern alongside the British and created an even more segregated society
new imperialism
the late 19th century drive by European countries to create vast political empires abroad; import bc led to the seizure of nearly all of Africa and an expansion of political control in Asia; what led to it was the long depression in Europe and the America
quinine
an agent that proved effective in controlling attacks of malaria; important bc it allowed Europeans to imperialize further because malaria had previously decimated them in the tropics
white man’s burden
the idea that europeans should civilize more primitive nonwhite people and that imperialism would eventually provide nonwhites with modern achievement and better standard of living; time period is written in response to America’s seizure of the Philippines; was important because it played a part in the decision to rule and not liberate
great migration
the mass movement of people from Europe in the 19th century; important bc it was one reason that the west’s impact on the world was so powerful and complex; time period was rapid population growth and overpopulation
migration chain
the movement of peoples in which one strong individual blazes the way and others follow; important because these people would settle together in places far away from where they came from; helped with the spread of cultures and ideas; timing is the 19th century
