affect of social class Flashcards
What did Cooper and Stewart (2013) find?
money has an impact on a student’s educational success
stat demonstrating the differences of those claiming free school meals (FSM) in the top schools compared to the national average.
in top 500 state schools, 8% of students claim FSM, compare to the national average of 17%
explain the cultural deprivation theory briefly, naming the three subsections
- su
- pa en
- la
theory blames class inequalities in education on…
the cultural deprivation theory blames class inequalities in education on the culture of working class families, arguing there are inadequacies in their cultural make up which limits their chances.
- subcultures
2.parental engagement - language
explain the section of cultural deprivation theory
‘subcultures’
argue middle-class and working-class have different subcultures.
middle class-
delayed gratification
academically focussed- qualifications
focus of cultural events/activities
future orientated
working class-
instant gratification
fatalism (accepting things, don’t try change)
collectivism
present time orientation
explain the section of cultural deprivation theory
‘parental engagement’
sugarman?
davies?
middle class families?
Sugarman (1970) argues parent’s attitudes affect educational achievements
Davies (2012) argued that student's progress can be hindered by lack of parental involvement
middle class parents better equipped to deal with certain situations (eg parent’s evening) and understand factors which may influence a child’s educational progress
explain the section of cultural deprivation theory
‘language’
Argue language skills are key for success in education
Bernstein (1971)
Restricted code- slang, informal, little explanation- argue working class can only speak in this
Elaborated code- formal, wider vocabulary, used in certain situations, meaning, argue middle class can access both this and the restricted code
how would marxists criticise the cultural deprivation theory?
Marxists would suggest the working class are realistic as opposed to fatalistic and if they had the resources to do so, they may be more future orientated
how would interactionalists criticise the cultural deprivation theory?
ignores the affect of internal factors such as labelling
how did Rosen criticise the cultural deprivation theory?
suggests Bernstein has little evidence and has created a “myth of superiority of middle class speech”
How did Labov (1973) criticise the cultural deprivation theory?
critical of the notion that middle class speech is superior- suggests they are simply different (middle class have too much irrelevant detail)
What did Keddie say about the cultural deprivation theory?
argues there is no cultural deprivation, just cultural difference and schools are failing to meet the needs of the working class
What did Mical Raz (2013) say about the cultural deprivation theory?
said that policymakers assume evidence, but in reality, “no such data existed”- states theory blames victims and deflects from government policies which fail to tackle the problems.
Washbrook and Walfodel (2010)
material deprivation
give examples of these material factors
Material factors can affect a child’s educational success.
Low income families more likely to live in crowded/damp conditions
Insufficient space affects study
Poorer diets and higher levels of sickness
catchment area
material deprivation theory:
what did Gibson and Asthana (1999) find?
Gibson and Asthana (1999) found that the greater the level of family disadvantage, the smaller the percentage of students gaining 5 GCSEs A* to C
material deprivation theory:
The National Equality Panel (2010)
said highest achievers in schools come from most advantaged areas
