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Liz's Microbiology Module 2 > AFB Practical #1 > Flashcards

AFB Practical #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What species of mycobacteria are nucleic acid probes available for?

A
  • M. tuberculosis complex
  • M. avium complex
  • M. gordonae
  • M. kansasii
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2
Q

List 3 characeristics of Nocardia sp.

A
  • Often appear powdery white due to production of aerial hyphae
  • Branching GPR
  • Partially acid fast
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3
Q

Nocardia sp.

  • Modified acid-fast stain
  • Kinyoun acid-fast stain
A
  • Modified acid-fast stain positive (red)

- Kinyoun acid-fast stain negative (blue)

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4
Q

What is a confirmation test for M. tuberculosis and M. bovis?

A

Nitrate test

  • M. tuberculosis (+)
  • M. bovis (-)
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5
Q

What reagent must be added to a negative nitrate test? Why?

A

Addition of zinc dust confirms nitrogen gas

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6
Q

Niacin accumulation test is used to differentiate b/w which two mycobacterial species?

A
  • M. tuberculosis (+)

- M. bovis (-)

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7
Q

Name 4 characteristics of M. mucogenicum

A
  • Rapid grower
  • Partially acid-fast
  • Nonchromogen
  • Wet/mucoid looking colonies
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8
Q

How is Kinyoun stain interpreted?

A
  • Pos: red

- Neg: blue/purple

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9
Q

Known as the “cold” carbolfuschin-based stain

A

Kinyoun

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10
Q

The phenomenon known as cording is observed in which mycobacterium species?

A

M. tuberculosis (virulent factor)

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11
Q

Name 3 characteristics of M. marinum

A
  • Grows at 28C
  • Cutaneous infection associated w/ fish tanks or salt water
  • Photochromogen
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12
Q

What type of stain is the auramine-rhodamine (AR) stain?

A

Fluorochrome stain

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13
Q

What are the advantages fo the AR stain?

A
  • Most sensitive stain
  • Stains both viable and nonviable organisms
  • Performed directly on specimens
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14
Q

What are the disadvantages of the AR stain?

A

Won’t stain rapid growers

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15
Q

What reagents are used in the N-acetyl-L-cysteine method of decontamination?

A
  • N-acetyl-L-cysteine
  • NaOH
  • Sodium citrate
  • Neutralizing buffer
  • Phenol red
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16
Q

N-acetyl-L-cysteine

- Purpose of N-acetyl-L-cysteine

A

Works as a mucolytic agent

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17
Q

N-acetyl-L-cysteine

- Function of NaOH

A

Functions as a bacterial decontaminant

18
Q

N-acetyl-L-cysteine

- Function of sodium citrate

A

Binds to heavy metals in the specimen

19
Q

N-acetyl-L-cysteine

- Function of neutralizing buffer

A

Stabilizes the pH and stops the decontamination process

20
Q

N-acetyl-L-cysteine

- Function of phenol red

A

Present in the digestion solution to monitor pH

21
Q

Incubation requirements for MAC w/o crystal violet

A

Ambient air @ 28-30°C for 7 days

22
Q

Which two mycobacterial species is the sodium chloride tolerance test useful in identifying? Results?

A
  • M. abscessus (+)

- M. chelonae (-)

23
Q

Incubation requirements for the Tween 80 hydrolysis test

A

Ambient air @ 35-37°C for 10 days

24
Q

How is the Tween 80 hydrolysis test interpreted?

A
  • Pos: pink/red

- Neg: orange/no color change

25
Q

What is HPLC and how do we use it in the lab?

A

High performance liquid chromatography; provides an ID based on mycolic acid pattern, analysis of mycolic acids contained within mycobacterial cell walls

26
Q

How do mycobacteria typically appear in gram stains?

A

Beaded or ghosted GPR (can look similar to strep)

27
Q

Name 3 characteristics of M. gordonae

A
  • Found in tap water
  • Scotochromogen
  • Non-pathogenic
28
Q

Name 3 characteristics of M. tuberculosis

A
  • Rough and buff
  • Slow grower
  • Nonchromagen
  • Must confirm ID using biochemical methods
29
Q

Which mycobacteria species deomonstrates candycane striations?

A

M. kansasii

30
Q

Requires heme to grow, optimal temperature is 30C generally isolated from immunocomposed individualsq

A

M. haemophilum

31
Q

What is the MB bottle (Myco F Lytic) used for?

A

Liquid medium used for blood, put into Bactec Fx, has heme (CHOC) in media to break apart RBCs to release organism

32
Q

What is the MP bottle (MGIT) used for?

A

Liquid medium used for all specimen excepts blood; put into MGIT instrument, clear if uninooulated

33
Q

Name 2 characteristics of M. kansasii

A
  • “Candy cane” striations

- Photochromogen

34
Q

What is the 7H10 slant used for?

A

All purpose, enriched for AFB, clear agar, if from a superficial source a second slant is set up and incubated at 30°C

35
Q

Purpose of the choclate slant?

A

Used for specimens rich in heme (BM, blood), incubated at 30C

36
Q

Purpose of LJ slant?

A

Lowenstein-Jensen, used in biochemical testing

37
Q

Function of the 7H10 plate?

A

Used when isolation of colonies is desired

38
Q

What PPE is used in the AFB lab

A
  • Gloves
  • Gown
  • Mask (N95 or better)
  • Foot covers
39
Q

What unique characteristic is seen in M. szulgai?

A

Colonies are either smooth or rough

40
Q

What is he media used in the 5% NaCl tolerance test?

A

LJ slant with 5% NaCl

41
Q

What are the incubation requirements for the 5% NaCl tolerance test?

A

Incubated at 35-37C in CO2 up to 4 weeks

Liz's Microbiology Module 2 (11 decks)

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