Aetiology & Pathogenesis

Question 1

Complications

Answer 1

The secondary effects of the disease

Question 2

Prognosis

Answer 2

The outcome of the disease

Question 3

Mutlifactorial diseases

Answer 3

These are diseases that are caused by a combination of different factors

Question 4

Routes of pathogenesis

Answer 4

Pathogenesis usually takes three main routes

• Inflammation: A response to harmful agents resulting in tissue damage
• Degeneration: Deterioration of cells or tissue
• Carcinogenesis: Development of a tumour

Question 5

Symptoms

Answer 5

Symptoms are patient described and tend to be more subjective (e.g. pain, nausea)

Question 6

Signs

Answer 6

Signs are doctor observed and tend to be more objective (e.g. temperature)

Question 7

Syndrome

Answer 7

A syndrome refers to a collection of signs and symptoms

Question 8

Morbidity

Answer 8

Incidence of illness in the population

Refers to new cases of illness in a given time

Question 9

Mortality

Answer 9

Probability of a disease resulting in death (%)

Question 10

Prevalence

Answer 10

The total number of individuals affected by a disease in a given time

Refers to accumulated cases and therefore can be used to describe chronic disease only