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ADI > Aerodrome Layout and Markings > Flashcards

Aerodrome Layout and Markings Flashcards

1
Q

What Aerodromes must be licensed according to the ANO?

A

Aerodromes for the take offs or landings of aircraft flying for the purpose of :
public transport of passengers
instruction in flying
carrying out flying tests in respect of the grant of a pilot’s licence

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2
Q

Which document contains the minimum standards & organisation?

A

CAP 168

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3
Q

What is the definition of an aerodrome?

A

Any area of land or water equipped, set apart or commonly used for affording facilities for the landing & departing of aircraft

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4
Q

What is the definition of a runway?

A

A defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing & take off run of aircraft along it’s length

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5
Q

What is the definition of Runway Threshold?

A

Beginning of that portion of the runway usable for landing

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6
Q

Define Taxiway

A

A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxying aircraft & intended to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another

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7
Q

Define Apron

A

A defined area on a land aerodrome provided for the stationing of aircraft for the embarkation & disembarkation of passengers, loading & unloading of cargo & for parking

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8
Q

Define a Manoeuvring area

A

That part of an aerodrome provided for the take off and landing of aircraft and for the manoeuvring of aircraft on the surface excluding the apron and any part of the aerodrome provided for the maintenance of aircraft

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9
Q

What is the Movement Area

A

That part of an aerodrome intended for the surface movement of aircraft, including the manoeuvring area, aprons and any part of the aerodrome provided for the maintenance of aircraft

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10
Q

What is an aerodrome HOTSPOT?

A

A location on an aerodrome movement area with a history or potential risk of collision or runway incursion and where heightened attention by pilots/drivers is necessary

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11
Q

What is a ARP?

A

Aerodrome Reference Point

the geographical location of the aerodrome and the centre of it’s traffic zone where an aerodrome traffic zone is established

the position of WIP and things like crane operating etc within the vicinity of the aerodrome are specified as a bearing and distance from the ARP (NOTAM, ATIS etc)

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12
Q

What are the four types of runway?

A

Instrument

Non-Instrument

Precision Instrument Approach

Non-Precision Approach

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13
Q

What is a Non-Instrument Runway?

A

A runway for the operation of aircraft using visual approach procedures

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14
Q

What is an Instrument Runway?

A

A Runway intended for the operation of aircraft using non-visual aids providing at least directional guidance in azimuth adequate for a straight in approach

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15
Q

What is a non-precision approach runway?

A

An instrument runway served by visual aids and a non visual aid providing at least directional guidance adequate for a straight in approach

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16
Q

What is a Precision Instrument Approach Runway?

A

An instrument runway intended for the operation of aircraft using precision instrument approach aids that meet the facility performance requirements defined in ICAO Anexx 10 appropriate the category of operations

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17
Q

How is the Aerodrome reference code composed?

A

Two elements related to the characteristics of the aircraft intended to operate at the facility

Element one is a number determined by selecting the higher value of declared TODA or ASDA

Element two is a letter corresponding to the wingspan or outer gear wheel span (whichever is the more demanding of the largest aircraft likely to operate at the aerodrome

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18
Q

What is the ARC for the majority of NATS airfields?

A

4E

4  = 1800m and over (TODA/ASDA)
E = 52m up to <14 (Wingspan / Outer gear wheel span)
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19
Q

What is the minimum width of a cat 4E runway?

A

45m (paved and unpaved)

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20
Q

What are the required characteristics of a Runway Surface?

A

Provide a surface friction level at or above the design objective level defined in CAP683

Provide an average texture depth of not less than 1mm

Provide a hard durable surface that will not generate loose materials or contaminants

Provide good rideability

Provide good surface water drainage

Avoid excessive tyre wear

Avoid damage to the surface by aircraft manoeuvring

Provide stable surface that will not be damaged or removed by jet engine exhaust efflux

provide suitable Pavement Classification Number (PCN) for aircraft operations

Meet the geometric criteria defined in CAP 168

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21
Q

What are the three main runway surface materials?

A

Porous Friction Course

Pavement Quality concrete (PQC)

Asphalt (Grooved)

22
Q

What is a runway shoulder, when should one be provided and what are the physical characteristics?

A

An area adjacent to the edge of a paved surface so prepared as to provide a transition between the pavement and the adjacent surface for aircraft running off the pavement

They should be provided for cat D and E runways except they are not necessary where the rwy width is 60m or more, they should extend symmetrically each side so that the overall width of the rwy and shoulders is not less than 60m

The surface that abuts the rwy should be flush with the rwy sides

The shoulders should be so prepared to be capable of supporting the aircraft using the rwy without causing structural damage to the aircraft and be capable of supporting fire vehicles

23
Q

What is a runway strip?

A

An area of specified dimensions enclosing a runway intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aircraft running off the runway and to protect aircraft flying over it when when taking off or landing, it encloses a runway and any associated stop way

24
Q

What is the purpose of a runway strip?

A

To:

Reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane running off the runway by providing a graded area which meets specified longitudinal and transverse slopes and bearing strength requirements

protect aeroplanes flying over it during landing, baulked landing or take-off by providing an area which is cleared of obstacles except permitted aids to navigation (PAPIs, ILS glidepath aerial - permitted obstacles must be frangible and if in the cleared and graded area not more than 0.9m above ground level and not closer than 15m from the runway edge)

25
Q

To what distance should a runway strip extend?

A

at least 60m beyond any runway end and associated stop way for cat/code 2,3 or 4 (and 1 when it is an instrument runway)

26
Q

What is the runway strip width for a cat 4 runway?

A

From each side of the runway centreline:

Non-instrument = 75m

Instrument = 150m

27
Q

What are the dimensions of a cleared and graded area? (Cat 4 non instrument or non precision approach runway)

A

cleared of obstacle and graded on each side of the centreline and extended centreline of the runway and any associated stop way for at least 75m

28
Q

What are the dimensions of a cleared and graded area? (Cat 4 precision instrument runway)

A

cleared of obstacles and graded on each side of the centreline and extended centreline of the runway and any associated stop way for at least 105m.

this may be reduced to not less than 75m each side of the centreline and extended centreline at each strip end continuing at this width for the first 150m of rwy available for landing in each direction the uniformly increasing to 105m from the centreline by 300m

29
Q

Name seven areas of a runway

A

Starter strips

Turning areas

Shoulders

Runway Strips

Cleared and Graded

Stopway

Clearway

30
Q

What should the bearing weight of a runway strip be?

A

That part required to be graded should be able to support any aeroplane at max certified weight for which the runway is intended to serve without causing significant damage to the aeroplane

31
Q

What is a stopway?

A

A defined rectangular are beyond the end of the TORA suitable prepared and designated as area in which an aircraft can be brought to a stop in the event of an abandoned take off; it does not have to have the same weight bearing properties of the runway but should be able to support aircraft without causing structural damage to aircraft and allow access by fire and rescue vehicles

32
Q

What width should the stop way be?

A

The Stop way should have the same width as the associated runway

33
Q

What is a clearway?

A

A clearway is an area at the end of the TORA under the control of the Aerodorm license holder suitable for ac to make a portion of it’s initial climb to a specified height? may be provided beyond the TORA free from obstacles which may cause a hazard to ac in flight as it transit from lift off to the required screen height (height at which ac can be expected to achieve full climb rate after take off)

Can be land or water and may extend outside the airfield boundary only if the AO can ensure that the area will be kept free from obstacles

34
Q

What is a RESA?

A

RUNWAY END SAFETY AREA

An area symmetrical about the extended runway centreline and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overunning the runway

these areas should be provided at each end of the runway strip enclosing all runways code 3 and 4 and instrument runways 1 and 2

does not need to have weight bearing qualities of the graded area of rwy strip but should aid deceleration without:-

impeding access fire/rescue vehicles
endangering aircraft

35
Q

What is the minimum required dimensions of a code 3 or 4 RESA?

A

Min 90m (recommended 240m where practicable and reasonable)

width should be that of the associated cleared and graded area and minimum of twice the runway width

36
Q

What is the minimum width of a taxiway?

A

23m for code E,

or D and intended for ac with outer main gear span of 9m or more

wider at corners due to turning circle

37
Q

What is a taxiway strip?

A

An area of specified dimensions enclosing a taxiway and intended to protect ac operating on the taxiway and to reduce the risk of damage to an ac running of the taxiway

38
Q

What are the widths of the taxiway, graded area and taxiway strip?

A

taxiway 23m
graded area 22m each side of the centreline

taxiway strip 47.5m each side of the taxiway centreline

39
Q

Where should taxiway holding positions and holding bays be located?

A

no closer to the runway edge that the edge of the relative graded are or increased on instrument runways to stop interference with radio aids, clear of the obstacle free zone

40
Q

What is the min distance for a holding position on a code 3/4 rwy for a CAT I/II/III hold?

A

CAT I 90m
CAT II 107.5m
CAT III 137m

41
Q

What is a TORA?

A

Take off Run Available

The length of runway available and suitable for the ground run of an ac taking off (in most cases this is the length of the rwy pavement)

42
Q

What is ASDA?

A

Accelerate Stop Distance Available

The length of TORA plus any stop way.

43
Q

What is TODA?

A

Take Off Distance Available

The length of TORA plus Clearway

44
Q

What is LDA?

A

Landing Distance Available

the length of rwy available and suitable for the ground landing of an ac

45
Q

What is PCN and how is it shown?

A

Pavement Classification Number
5 part code

1:PCN number
2:type of pavement Rigid or Flexible (R or F)
3:pavement sub grade category
A high; b med;c low; d ultra low
4:max tyre pressure authorized
W, high, no limit; X med 1.5Mpa;Y low 1 Mpa; Z very low 0.5 Mpa
5:Pavement evaluation method
T technical; U historical by previous ac using it
e.g. PCN:80/R/B/W/T

46
Q

What length should a clearway be?

A

the length if a clearway will be the least of either:

the distance to the first upstanding obstacle , excluding lightweight, frangible objects of 0.9m or less in height;

or an overall limit of 50% of the TORA

47
Q

What is an obstacle free zone?

A

A volume of airspace extending upwards and outwards from an inner portion of the runway strip to specified upper limits which is kept free of all obstacles except for minor specified items

48
Q

What does TODA minus TORA equal?

A

Clearway

49
Q

What does TORA minus LDA equal?

A

Threshold displacement

50
Q

What does ASDA minus TORA equal?

A

Stopway

ADI (15 decks)

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