Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AEMT class > AEMT meds > Flashcards

AEMT meds Flashcards

1
Q

Cetacaine

A

Topical anesthetic (benzocaine, aminobenzoate and tetracaine)

Dont use if pt is allergic and dont use with other meds
Use caution with pts <2yo and elderly pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Etomidate name and class

A

Name: Amidate

Class: Nonbarbiturate hypnotic, anesthesia induction agent, CNS depressant

page 1508

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Etomidate indication contraindication

A

Indication: Sedation/Premedication for medication-facilitated intubation or procedural sedation

Contraindication: Hypersensitivity, labor/delivery, septic shock (particularly in children), Renal impairment (impairs RAAS)

Page 1508

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Etomidate action and side effects

A

Action: short-acting (effects last less than 10 minutes) hypnotic that acts at the level of the reticular activating system

Side effects: apnea, resp depression, hypoventilation, hyperventilation, dysrhythmias, hypotension, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, involuntary muscle movement, pain at injection site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Etomidate dosage and special considerations

A

Adult: 0.2 to 0.6 mg/kg IV over 30-60 seconds (typical adult dose is 20mg)

Pedi: 0.2 to 0.4 mg/kg IV/IO over 30-60 seconds for RSI (older than 10 years old), one time only. Max dose: 20mg

Special considerations: Use cation with pregnancy and weigh risks to the baby.
Consider lowering dosage in older pts and pts with cardiac conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ketamine name and class

A

Name: Ketalar

Class: Sedative, general anesthetic, analgesic dissociative anesthetic

Page 1513

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ketamine indications and contraindications

A

Indications: excited delirium, pain management, procedural sedation

Contraindications: hypersensitivity, conditions where hypertension would be hazardous to the pt’s care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ketamine action and side effects

A

Action: blocks pain receptors and minimizes spinal cord activity, affecting the association pathways of the brain between the thalamus and limbic system

Side effects: hypertension, dysrhythmia, bronchodilator, resp depression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ketamine dosage and special considerations

A

Adult: 1 to 2 mg/kg IV push over 1-2 minutes

Pedi: 1 to 2 mg/kg IV push over 1-2 minutes

  • Starts taking effect after about 30 seconds
  • Lasts about 5-10 mins

Special considerations: pts may have excessive drooling. Some pts may experience an emergence reaction after the full duration of the meds effect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Midazolam name and class

A

Name: Midazolam hydrochloride, Versed

Class: Benzodiazepine, short/intermediate-acting; schedule IV drug

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Midazolam indications and contraindications

A

Indications: Seizures, sedation for medical procedures, chemical restraint

Contraindications: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma, shock, coma, alcohol intoxication, overdose, depressed vitals. Concomitant use with barbiturates, alcohol, narcotics, or other CNS depressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Midazolam action and side effects

A

Action: Reversibly interacts with GABA receptors in the CNS causing sedative, anxiolytic, amnesic, and hypnotic effects

Side effects: Headache, somnolence, resp depression, resp arrest, apnea, hypotension, cardiac arrest, nausea, vomiting, pain at the injection site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Midazolam dosage and special considerations

A

adult: - Seizures: 0.2 mg/kg IM or IN, max dose 10mg; 0.1 mg/kg IV, max dose 4mg.
- Procedural sedation: 0.5 to 2.5 mg IV. May be repeated to total max: 0.1mg/kg
- Chemical restraint: 5mg IV or IN; 5mg IM

Pedi: - Seizure: 0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg IV/IM (max single dose 10mg) 0.2 mg/kg IN
- Procedural sedation 0.05 to 0.5 mg/kg IV; 0.1 to 0.15 mg/kg IM; 0.3 mg/kg IN

Special considerations: Risk to Fetus needs to be considered before administering. Should not breastfeed after administration.
Administer immediately prior to intubation.
Decrease dose by 50% in older pts and in pts with hepatic and renal dysfunction.
IM and IN control seizures faster that IV if IV needs to be placed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rocuronium name and class

A

Name: Rocuronium Bromide, Zemuron

Class: Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker

Page 1528

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rocuronium indications and contraindications

A

Indications: RSI/DSI

Contraindications: Known sensitivity to bromides; use with caution in heart and liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Rocuronium action and side effects

A

Action: Antagonizes acetylcholine at the motor end plate producing skeletal muscle paralysis

Side effects: Bronchospasm, wheezing, rhonchi, resp depression, apnea, dysrhythmias, tachycardia, transient hypotension and hypertension, nausea, vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Rocuronium dosage and special considerations

A

Adult: 0.6 to 1.2 mg/kg IV/IO

Pedi (older than 3 months): 0.6 to 1.2 mg/kg IV/IO

Special considerations: always make sure to sedate pt before administration.
Decrease doses for pts with renal disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Succinylcholine name and class

A

Name: Succinylcholine Chloride, Anectine

Class: Neuromuscular blocker, depolarizing; skeletal muscle relaxant

Page 1530

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Succinylcholine indications and contraindications

A

Indications: RSI/DSI

Contraindications: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injuries, malignant hyperthermia; acute injury after multisystem trauma, major burns, or extensive muscle injury that may result in hyperkalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Succinylcholine action and side effects

A

Action: Ultra-short-acting depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant that mimics acetylcholine as it binds with the cholinergic receptors on the motor end plate, producing a phase 1 block as manifested by fasciculations

Side effects: Apnea, resp depression, dysrhythmia, cardiac arrest, salivation, prolonged muscle rigidity, rhabdomyolysis, malignant hyperthermia, increased intraocular pressure, hyperkalemia

21
Q

Succinylcholine dosage and special considerations

A

Adult: 1 to 2 mg/kg rapid IV. Repeat once if needed

Pedi: 1 to 2 mg/kg rapid IV. Repeat once if needed

Special considerations: sedate pt before administration.
Time management is needed since such short-acting.

22
Q

Vecuronium name and class

A

Name: Vecuronium Bromide, Norcuron

Class: neuromuscular blocker, nondepolarizing

Page 1532

23
Q

Vecuronium indications and contraindications

A

Indications: RSI/DSI

Contraindications: Acute narrow-angle glaucoma, penetrating eye injuries, inability to control airway or support ventilations with oxygen and positive pressure, newborns, myasthenia gravis, hepatic or renal failure

24
Q

Vecuronium action and side effects

A

Action: Neuromuscular agent with intermediate duration of action that competes with acetylcholine for receptors at the motor endplate resulting in neuromuscular blockade

Side effects: weakness, prolonged neuromuscular block, bronchospasm, apnea, dysrhythmias, bradycardia, tachycardia, PVCs, transient hypotension, cardiac arrest, excessive salivation

25
Vecuronium dosage and special considerations
Adult: 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg IV push. Maintenance dose within 45 to 60 minutes: 0.8 to 1.2 mg/kg IV push Pedi: 0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg IV/IO. Maintenance dose within 20-40 minutes: 0.01 to 0.15 mg/kg IV push Special considerations: Decrease doses for pts with renal disease
26
Acetaminophen name and class
Name: Tylenol Class: centrally-acting analgesic, antipyretic
27
Acetaminophen indications and contraindications
Indications: reducing pain, reducing fever Contraindications(/cautions): Hypersensitivity, hepatic impairment (liver failure), liver disease, renal impairment, hypovolemia, malnutrition, chronic alcohol use
28
Acetaminophen side effects
Side effects: anaphylaxis, skin reaction, hepatotoxicity (liver poisoning), renal tubular necrosis, nephropathy, anemia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, rash, headache
29
Acetaminophen dosage and special considerations
Adult (12 and older): 1-2 tabs/caps PO q4-6h prn; Max: 10 tabs/caps in 24h. Do not exceed 1g/4h and 4g/day Normally is 325mg per tab/caps Pedi (6-11): 1 tab/cap PO q4-6h prn; Max: 5 tabs/caps in 24h. Do not exceed 75mg/kg/day, up to 1g/4h and 4g/day Special considerations: Can damage liver.
30
Butorphanol name and class
Name: Butorphanol Tartrate, Stadol Class: Opioid agonist/antagonist
31
Butorphanol indications and contraindications
Indications: pain reliever Contraindications: hypersensitivity, resp depression, asthma, GI obstruction, paralytic ileus, coma/impaired consciousness, labor and delivery
32
Butorphanol side effects
Side effects: Sedation, dissiness, nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, headache, resp depression, resp arrest, apnea, central sleep apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, biliary spasm, adrenal insufficiency, seizures, anaphylaxis, Hypertension, dependency, abuse, withdrawal symptoms if stopped abruptly
33
Butorphanol dosage and special considerations
Adult: - Pain: 0.5-2mg IV q3-4h prn. Use lowest effective dose, shortest effective duration - Anesthesia adjunct: 2mg IV x1 then 0.5-1mg IV prn before induction Pedi: Not recommended Special considerations: is an opioid so can be very addictive. Use caution when using on elderly pts.
34
Fentanyl name and class
Name: Fentanyl Citrate, Sublimaze Class: Opioid analgesic, schedule 2 drug
35
Fentanyl indications and contraindications
Indications: Pain management, anesthesia adjunct Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity. Use with caution in traumatic brain injury
36
Fentanyl action and side effects
Action: Binds to opiate receptors, producing analgesia and euphoria Side effects: Confusion, paradoxical excitation, delirium, drowsiness, CNS depression, sedation, resp depression, apnea, dyspnea, dysrhythmias, bradycardia, tachycardia, hypotension, syncope, nausea, vomiting, abd pain, dehydration, fatigue
37
Fentanyl dosage and special considerations
Adule: 50-100 mcg (1 mcg/kg) IM and IV slow push (over 1 to 2 minutes) to maximum 150 mcg. IN is rapid push Pedi: 1-2 mcg/kg IM, IV or IN slow push (over 1-2 mins). Special considerations: The safety and efficacy in children younger than age 2 years has not been established. Chest wall rigidity possible with a high dose rapid infusion.
38
Ibuprofen name and class
Name: Advil, Motrin Class: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
39
Ibuprofen indications and contraindications
Indications: For the acute management of pain or antipyretic Contraindications: Aspirin allergy; preterm infants with untreated proven or suspected infection; bleeding with active intracranial hemorrhage or GI bleed; thrombocytopenia, coagulation defects, significant renal impairment, congenital heart disease
40
Ibuprofen action and side effects
Action: Pain reliever Side effects: GI bleeding, GI perforation, GI ulcer, MI, Stroke, Hypertension, CHF, bronchospasm
41
Ibuprofen dosage and special considerations
Adult: 300-800 mg PO tid-qid (3-4 times a day) Pedi: 6mo - 11yo: 5-10 mg/kg/dose PO q6-8h prn; Max 40mg/kg/day 12+yo: 200-400 mg PO q4-6h prn; Max: 1200 mg/day
42
Morphine name and class
Name: Morphine Sulfate, Roxanol, MS Contin Class: Opioid analgesic; schedule 2 drug
43
Morphine indications and contraindications
Indications: Severe heart failure, acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema, chest pain associated with AMI, analgesia for moderate to severe acute and chronic pain Contraindications: Head injury, exacerbated COPD, depressed respiratory drive, hypotension, undiagnosed abd pain, decreased level of consciousness, suspected hypovolemia, pts who have taken MAOIs within 14 days
44
Morphine action and side effects
Action: Alleviates pain through CNS action. Suppresses fear and anxiety centers in the brain. Depresses brainstem resp centers. Increases peripheral venous capacitance and decreases venous return. Decreases preload and afterload, which decreases myocardial oxygen demand. Side effects: confusion, sedation, headache, CNS depressants, resp depression, apnea, bronchospasm, dyspnea, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, syncope, bradycardia, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth
45
Morphine dosage and special considerations
Adult: STEMI: Initial dose: 2-4mg slow IV (over 1-5 mins) repeat dose: 2-8 mg at 5 - 15 mins intervals NSTEMI/unstable angina: 1-5 mg IV push if symptoms not relieved by nitrates, use with caution Pedi: 0.1-0.2 mg/kg per dose IV, IO, IM, subcutaneous. Max dose 5mg Special consideration: use caution weighing risks and benefits during pregnancy.
46
Tranexamic Acid name and class
Name: Cyklokapron, Lysteda Class: Hemostatic agent, antifibrinolytic, plasminogen inactivator
47
Tranexamic Acid indications and contraindications
Indications: Blunt or penetrating trauma less than 3 hours from onset with hemodynamic compromising, bleeding Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, MOI greater than 3 hours; subarachnoid hemorrhage; history of PE, DVT, or other thromboembolic disorder
48
Tranexamic Acid action and side effects
Action: reduces plasminogen activation, mitigating conversion to plasmin Side effects: fatigue, headache, abd pain, anemia, DVT, PE, other thromboembolic disorder. Rapid infusion may cause hypotension
49
Tranexamic Acid dosage and specific considerations
Adult: 1g IV over 10 minutes Pedi: not recommended Special considerations: Must be mixed into an infusion bag, typically 100ml of NaC1

AEMT class (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions