AE101 Basic Theory

Question 1

______ is done when a force acts upon a body and moves it. Equal to force (F) times distance of displacement (s)

Answer 1

Work (W), W = F x s

Question 2

____ is the rate of doing work or work done per unit of time (t), it can also be measured as Force (F) times Velocity (s/t).

Answer 2

Power (P), P = W/t or P = F (s/t)

Question 3

____ is a unit of measurement used to express the amount of power being produced.

Answer 3

Horsepower, HP = P/550

Question 4

___ is what is created when a force is applied at some distance from an axis or fulcrum, producing rotation about that point.

Answer 4

Moment (M), Moment = Force x Distance (D)

Question 5

The distance from the axis or fulcrum to the point of force is called the ___ ___.

Answer 5

Moment Arm

Question 6

A body at rest tends to remain at rest and a body in motion tends to remain in motion in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted upon by some unbalanced force.

Answer 6

Newton’s 1st Law of Motion, “Law of Equilibrium”

Question 7

An unbalanced force acting upon a body produces an acceleration in the direction of the force that is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

Answer 7

Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion, “Law of Acceleration”

Question 8

For every action there is an opposite and equal reaction.

Answer 8

Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion, “Law of Interation”

Question 9

The tendency for a body to remain at rest or in motion is called ___.

Answer 9

Inertia

Question 10

What is the general gas law?

Answer 10

P = ρRT (Pressure = density x temperature x universal gas constant)

Question 11

What is the subsonic mass flow equation?

Answer 11

A1V1 = A2V2 (A = area, V = volume)

Question 12

According to Bernoulli’s equation, Pt = Ps + q (dynamic pressure), if dynamic pressure increases at a point then ___ ___ must decrease at the same point.

Answer 12

static pressure

Question 13

___ is the actual height above mean sea lever.

Answer 13

true altitude

Question 14

___ is a height measured above a standard datum plane (the actual elevation at which the barometric pressure is equal to 29.92 in-Hg). The datum plane is at sea level ona standard day.

Answer 14

pressure altitude

Question 15

On a standard day what two altitude measurements are equal?

Answer 15

pressure altitude and true altitude

Question 16

___ is pressure altitude corrected for temperature deviations from the standard atmosphere.

Answer 16

density altitude

Question 17

___ is the actual speed at which an aircraft moves through an air mass.

Answer 17

Ture Airspeed (TAS)

Question 18

___ is the speed at which an aircraft moves relative to the ground. It is true airspeed corrected for winds.

Answer 18

Groundspeed (GS)

Question 19

___ is the speed that the pilot reads off the airspeed indicator. The airspeed indicator takes the total pressure of the air through the pitot tube and subtracts the static pressure from the static port to obtain dynamic pressure.

Answer 19

Indicated Airspeed (IAS)

Question 20

At a constant IAS, ___ will increase approximately ___ knots for each thousand foot increase in altitude.

Answer 20

IAS, 3

Question 21

___ is indicated airspeed corrected for either indicator error of for minor sensing errors caused by the location of the pitot-static system.

Answer 21

Calibrated Airspeed (CAS)

Question 22

___ is calibrated airspeed corrected for errors caused by compressibillity effects (ex: air molecules “bunch up” and can’t flow freely through the pitot tube at high airspeeds).

Answer 22

Equivalent airspeed (EAS)

Question 23

___ ___ ___ is a line drawn from the leading edge to the trailing edge, halfway between the upper and lower surface of the airfoil.

Answer 23

Mean Camber Line (MCL)

Question 24

___ is an infinitely long straight line drawn through the leading and trailing edges of the airfoil.

Answer 24

Chordline

Question 25

___ is the segment fo the chordline measured from the leading edge to the trailing edge.

Answer 25

Chord

Question 26

___ ___ is the chord at the wing root, and ___ ___ is the chord measured at the wing tip.

Answer 26

root chord, tip chord

Question 27

___ ___ is the average of all chords from the wing root to the wing tip.

Answer 27

average chord

Question 28

___ is the curvature of the mean camber line of an airfoil. It is measured by finding the max distance between the mean camber line and the chord line.

Answer 28

Camber

Question 29

A ___ ___ has zero camber, a ___ ___ ___ has the MCL above the chord (produces lift at zero angle of attach), and a ___ ___ ___ has the MCL below the chord (race car)

Answer 29

symmetric airfoil, positively cambered airfoil, negatively cambered airfoil

Question 30

___ ___ is airflow that travels along the span of the wing, parallel to the leading edge, root to tip, doesn’t create lift.

Answer 30

spanwise flow

Question 31

___ ___ is air that flows at right angles to the leading edge of the airfoil, produces lift.

Answer 31

chordwile flow

Question 32

___ ___ is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the airplane and the horizon.

Answer 32

pitch attitude

Question 33

The ___ ___ is the apparent movement of the plane through an air mass.

Answer 33

flight path

Question 34

___ ___ is the apparent motion of the air with respect to the motion of the aircraft.

Answer 34

relative wind

Question 35

___ ___ ___ is the angle between the chordline of teh airfoil and the relative wind.

Answer 35

Angle of Attack (AOA)

Question 36

___ ___ ___ is the angle between the airplane’s longitudinal axis and the chordline of its wing.

Answer 36

angle of incidence

Question 37

___ ___ is the angle of the upslope or downslope of the wings when viewed from head on.

Answer 37

dihedral angle (a downslope or negative dihedral is called anhedral)

Question 38

What is the T-6 wingspan?

Answer 38

33 feet 5 inches

Question 39

___ ___ is approximated by multiplyin the wingspan (b) by the average chord (c).

Answer 39

wing area (S)

Question 40

___ ___ is the ratio of an aircraft’s weight to the surface area of the wings.

Answer 40

wing loading (WL), WL = Weight/S

Question 41

___ wings provide reduced weight and increased structural stiffness compared to a rectangular wing.

Answer 41

tapered

Question 42

___ ___ is the angle between the quarter chord line (a line 25% off the chord and not parallel to the leading edge) and a line parallel to the lateral axis.

Answer 42

Sweep Angle

Question 43

Aspect ratio (AR) is the ratio of the ___ to the ___ ___.

Answer 43

wingspan (b), average chord (c)

Question 44

The ___ ___ is also know as the center of lift. It is the point where all aerodynamic forces are acting. It is typically aft of the CG to provide improved stability around the lateral or pitch axis.

Answer 44

aerodynamic center