AE 102 Lift and Drag Flashcards
A ___ ___ is a simple hinged portion of the trailing edge of the wing.
plain flap
A ___ ___ is a plate that is deflected from the lower surface of the wing. It creates more drag because of the turbulent area between the flap and the wing.
split flap (used in T6)
A ___ ___ is similar to a plain flap, but moves away from the wing to open a narrow slot between the flap and wing for boundary layer control.
slotted flap
A ___ ___ is used on larger aircraft. It moves down to increase camber and moves aft to increase wing surface area, thus increasing lift.
fowler flap
propeller output is called ___ ___
thrust horsepower
engine output is called ___ ___
shaft horsepower
What determines power available?
power produced at a given PCL setting, velocity, and density
___ ___ is the thrust needed to overcome drag
thrust required
___ ___ is the power needed to produce TR
power required
What is the relationship between velocity and TR and PR?
TR decreases to L/DMAX then increases, PR decreases to an airspeed below L/DMAX then increases
What happens to power required as altitude increases?
increases (prop. inefficiency, decreased density)
What effect does a change in configuration have on TA and TR?
no effect on TA, TR increases
What effect does a change in configuration have on PA and PR?
no effect on PA, PR increases
A propeller can only accelerate air to a maximum velocity, so as velocity of the incoming air increases, it is accelerated less by the propeller, resulting in a ___ ___ ___ ___.
decrease in thrust available
In the T6, the max velocity in level flight is limited to approximately ___ ___ at sea level.
255 knots
If you increase weight, you have to increase lift by increasing either ___ or ___, which require an increase in ___ and ___.
AOA, velocity, thrust, power
Minimum power required for level flight is at a ___ velocity than L/DMAX. Max excess power occurs at L/DMAX.
slower, L/DMAX
___ ___ is the result of separation of airflow from a surface and the wake that is created by that separation.
form drag
___ ___ is the difference between static pressure of the leading and trailing edges.
Form drag
What is parasite drag is composed of?
form drag, friction drag, and interference drag
Parasite drag ___ as velocity increases.
increases
___ ___ is caused by turbulent airflow in the boundary layer.
friction drag
___ ___ is generated by mixing airstreams between aircraft components, such as the wing and fuselage.
interference drag
___ ___ is the component of drag that is associated with the production of lift.
Induced drag
As velocity increases, induced drag ___.
decreases
How does increased weight change induced drag?
increases
At what velocity is induced drag greatest?
at slow speeds
What is the relationship between total drag and velocity?
drag decreases to a point then increases
___ ___ is a decrease in camber from the wing root to the wing tip.
aerodynamic twist, the root will stall before the tip
___ ___ is a decrease in the angle of incidence from wing root to wing tip. The leading edge is gradually twisted downward so the angle of incidence at the tip is less.
geomatric twist, the root will always stall first before the ailerons become ineffective
What is the lift equation?
L = 1/2 ρ V^2 CL S
What three lift factors can the pilot control?
velocity, AOA, and shape of the airfoil (camber)
What are the eight factors that affect lift?
air density, velocity, surface area, and from CL: AOA, shape of the airfoil, aspect ratio, viscosity, and compressibility
Lift is ___ to the relative wind.
perpendicular
Drag acts ___ and in the same direction as the relative wind.
parallel
What is the relationship between velocity and AOA in level flight?
inverse relationship
What factor changes in maintaining level flight at 1000 ft vs. 18000 ft?
TAS increases, decrease in density requires increase in velocity to produce the same amount of lift
