advanced Terms 7-8 Flashcards
aden/o
gland
blast/o
germ/bud/developing cell
erythr/o
red
hem/o hemat/o
blood
immun/o
exempt/immunity
leuk/o
white
lymph/o
clear water or fluid
path/o
disease
splen/o
spleen
thromb/o
clot
thym/o
wartlike/thymus gland
tox/o
poison
an-
without absence of
iso-
equal
macro-
large
poly-
excessive/over/many
cyt/o
cell
splen/o
spleen
thromb/o
clot
-emia
condition of blood
-ia
condition of
-lysis
loosen/dissolve
-megaly
abnormally large
-osis
condition of
-penia
abnormal reduction in number/deficiency
-rrhage
abnormal discharge
-genic
pertaining to/producing/forming
-ial
pertaining to
-ic
pertaining to
-ism
condition or disease
-oma
tumor
-osis
condition of
-philia
loving affinity for
-phobia
fear
-phylaxis
protection
-rrhagic
pertaining to abnormal discharge
An-
Without/absence of
ana-
Up/toward
mono-
one
aut/o
self
botul/o
sausage
fung/o
fungus
globin/o
protein
hydr/o
water
iatr/o
physician
idi/o
individual
necr/o
death
nosocom/o
hospital
nucle/o
kernel/nucleus
path/o
disease
sept/o
putrefying; wall/partition
staphylococc/o
staphylococcus bacterium
streptococc/o
streptococcus bacterium
thym/o
wartlike thymus gland
-emia
condition of blood
devastating disease is caused by HIV, which disables immune response by destroying important white blood cells known as helper T cells. The loss of immune function allows opportunistic diseases to proliferate most deadly infectious disease on our planet
Aids
opportunistic diseases proliferating aids:
Pneumonia dementia Kaposi’s sarcoma
Treatment of aids or other class if viruses that mutate quickly
Antiretroviral therapy
Bodies immune response to allergens, which are foreign substances that produce a reaction, including immediate inflammation, may strike in different forms:
allergy
most common allergies are:
allergic rhinitis: hay, fever, which affects the mucus membranes of the nasal cavity and throat
allergic dermatitis:, which affects the skin where it’s been physical contact with
an immediate allergic reaction to a foreign substances that produces rapid inflammation, vasodilation, bronchospasm, shortness of breath and spasms of the G.I. tract and severe cases it can become life-threatening if medical intervention is not available
Anaphylaxis
reduced ability of red blood cells to deliver oxygen to tissues may result from a reduced number of normal circulating red blood cells are reduction in the number of the oxygen binding proteins and red blood cells called haemoglobin:
Anaemia
Common forms of anaemia;
Aplastic, anemia: red bone marrow feels to produce division number of normal blood cells
Iron deficiency anaemia : caused by lack of available iron, resulting in less amount of haemoglobin
Sickle cell anaemia : which haemoglobin is defective within cells, resulting in miss shaped red blood cells that cause obstructions in blood vessels
Pernicious, anaemia : caused by failure to acquire vitamin B 12 into the bloodstream for delivery to red bone marrow required to produce new red puzzles
Bacterium disease that has been threatened to be used in bioterrorism, which is the application of disease, causing microorganisms to cause harm to a population. Spores of the back to your concern via within a powder that can be distributed through the air, making it very dangerous. If inhaled is usually fatal blackening affects the infection has on skin and lungs.
Anthrax
Disease that is caused by a persons own immune response attacking otherwise healthy tissues, literally means self exempt or self immunity. Examples of this includes rheumatoid arthritis systemic lupus, Aretha, Matosas, multiple sclerosis, and psoriasis, triggering mechanism of a disease not yet known
Auto immune disease
Lethal form of foodborne illness caused by the ingestion of food contaminated with a neurotoxin produced by a bacterium usually occurs when canned food is not prepared properly, and is often fatal because one of the extreme toxic nature
Botulism
Botulism
clostridium botulinum
disease that is capable of transmission from one person to another also known as contagious disease. It may be transmitted by direct contact with an infected person indirectly by way of contact with infected body, fluids, or other materials, or by way of vectors. Usually biting AnthroPod such as mosquitoes ticks and fleas
Communicable disease
An infectious disease resulting in acute inflammation of the mucous membranes, primarily in the mouth and throat derived from the Greek word, leather characterized by formation of an obstructive leather, like membrane in the throat. It’s now very rare thanks to the vaccine.
Diphtheria
Difficult temperament any abnormal condition of the blood. Apparently this condition was named after a correlation between a difficult temperament and blood disease.
Dyscrasia
Leakage of fluid from the bloodstream into the interstitial space between body cells causing swelling, and is one aspect of inflammation Greek word, oldema which means swelling
edema
Fungal infection that spreads throughout the body by way of the bloodstream
fungemia
Fungal septicemia
Mass of blood outside blood vessels, and confined within an organ or space within the body, usually included form, commonly known as a bruise or tears, and when it is visible through the skin, usually the result of injury or disease
Hematoma
Disease that affects haemoglobin within the red blood cells literally means disease a blood protein
Hemoglobinopathy
Inherited bleeding disorder that results from defective are missing blood clotting proteins that are necessary components in the coagulation process because the clotting proteins normally stop the loss of blood after minor injuries patient suffering from this experience as a normal loss of blood with any physical injury
Hemophilia
Infectious disease that causes internal bleeding or internal haemorrhoids and high fevers diseases, often caused by viruses, such as Ebola, and some forms exhibit a higher rate of mortality
Hemorrhagic fever
condition that is caused by a medical treatment. An example of the development of a MRSA infection following a surgical procedure.
Iatrogenic disease
Disease that develops without a known or apparent cause
Idiopathic disease
Condition, resulting from a defective immune response is called blank. It occurs when there are insufficient numbers of functional white blood cells, especially lymphocytes available to defend the body from sources of infection. Closely related term is immunocompromised
Immunodeficiency
Production of an immune response may be caused by disease or by use of chemical pharmacological or immuno logic agents, the suppressed status of the immune response that result is called
Immuno suppression
Combination of two blood types that result in the destruction of red blood cells may occur during a blood transfusion, causing severe consequences good in the possibility of death, if the donor blood antibodies attack the recipient red blood cells
Incompatibility
Multiplication of disease, causing microorganisms, or pathogens in the body
Infection
Disease caused by infection is called
Infectious disease
Physiological process that serves as the body’s initial response to injury in many forms of illness involves the swelling of body, tissues, swelling results from the movement of plasma from capillaries into the extracellular space to produce oedema or fluid accumulation in tissues, swelling, redness, heat pain
inflammation
Viral disease characterized by fever, and an acute inflammation of respiratory mucous membranes commonly called the flu, highly contagious, and the virus is capable of mutating to escape detection by white blood cells
Influenza
Form of cancer literally means condition of white blood cells, originate from cells within the blood, forming tissue of the red marrow primary tumour of leukaemia spreads throughout the red marrow transforming the blood, forming to shoot into a dysfunctional master produces of normal white blood cells in a very large numbers and red blood cells and fewer numbers as a result common symptoms of this include immuno deficiency, the development of opportunistic infections and malaise, low energy resulting from the reduce production of red blood cells
Leukaemia
Inflammation of the lymph nodes, acute form is common during infections. Chronic form indicates a more serious disorder, such as lymphoma.
Lymphadenitis
General term for a form of cancer that begins in a type of white blood cell called a lymphocyte
Lymphoma
Two main categories of lymphomas
Hodgkin’s lymphoma (altered lymphocytes) and non-Hodgkin’s lymph Alma (NHL) (fast growth and slow growth forms)
disease caused by a parasitic protozoan that affects red blood cells in the liver during different parts of its lifecycle. The vector or carrier of the protozoan is the end of fleas mosquito and symptoms of it include periodic flareups or high fever literally means bad air, referring to the swampy marsh lands, where the mosquitoes proliferate to cause higher incidences of the disease.
Malaria
Acute viral disease that often begins as a fever, followed by the development of a skin rash containing numerous vesicles, and often accompanied by a general inflammation of the respiratory tract. Clinical cinnamon is rubella derived from word that means many little spots.
Measles
Viral disease characterized by enlarged lymph nodes and spleen, atypical lymphocytes, throat, pain, pharyngitis, fever, and fatigue caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and is a communicable disease derived from the disease is characteristic feature of the presence of a normally high numbers of a certain type of white blood cell called mono nuclear Eco sites in a blood sample
Mononucleosis
Death of one or more cells, or a portion of tissue or organ
Necrosis
infectious disease that his contract during a Hospital stay
Nosocomial infection
any infectious disease that is widespread and causes extensive mortality comes from Latin word play ago, which means to strike or beat
 Plague
caused by the bacterium, yersinia pestis, characterized by high fever in large lymph nodes, called buboes skin discolouration internal haemorrhage and pneumonia, bacteria transmitted by the bite of a flea that may jump from small mammals, such as rats to humans
Bubonic plague
viral infection that is spread from the saliva I’m gonna be infected animal, usually by way of a bass Latin means savage. Your fears which refers to the velocity of infected animals. Virus ask on the central nervous system to cause, paranoia and paralysis, and is usually fatal almost early diagnosis and treatment has provided
Rabies also called Hydro phobia
systemwide disease caused by the presence of bacteria and their toxins in the circulating blood if not treated quickly may progress and do a life-threatening systemic inflammatory response, known as sepsis
Septicaemia
sept
putrefying
viral disease caused by the variola virus, causes skin, pustules, aggressive vaccination campaign
Smallpox
Presence of the bacterium staphylococcus in the blood
staphylocoemia
Presence of the bacteria, Streptococcus in the blood
Steptococcemia
Disease caused by a powerful neurotoxin released by the common bacterium clostridium tetany toxin acts on the central nervous system to cause convulsions in Fastic paralysis
Tetanus
Tumour originating in the thymus gland
Thymoma
-crit
to seperate
-logous
pertaining to study
-ectomy
surgical removal
-logy
study or science of
-lysis
loosen/dissolve
-phylaxis
protection
-stasis
standing still
-therapy
treatment
-tic
pertaining to
anti-
against/opposite of
pro-
before
-tic
pertaining to
curative treatment involving use of substance with known toxicity to bacteria. “Pertaining to against life.” Antibiotic may be obtained from a fungus, usually a mold, or other bacteria. Affective only against bacteria many types of which are capable of developing resistance, especially when antibiotics are not administered properly
antibiotic therapy
chemical agent that delays or prevents the clotting process in blood. Often administered to reduce likelihood if clot formationn after surgery.
anti-coagulant (warfarin most common)
pharmacological therapy that is useful in battling a class of viruses that tend to mutate quickly (retroviruses) used against HIV. Drugs form cocktail that includes nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors which block HIV replication
antiviral therapy
process in which pathogens are rendered less virulent, or infectious, prior to their incorporation into a vaccine preperation. Latin means to make thin
attentuation
transfusion of blood donated by a t for their personal use. Means pertaining to study self. Common procedure b4 surgery to avoid potential incompatibility or contamination of blood.
autologous transfusion
test or series of tests on sample of blood plasma to measure the levels of its composition, including glucose, albumin, triglycerides, PH, cholesterol & electrolytes:
blood chemistry
clinical test to determine infection in blood performed by placing a sample of blood in nutrient-rich liquid medium in an effort to grow populations of bacteria for analysis:
blood culture
introduction of blood, blood products, blood substitute into a pt’s circulation to restore blood volume to normal levels.
blood transfusion
2 types of blood transfusion:
autologous transfusion
homologous transfusion
common procedure to treat leukemia or injury resulting from radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Removal of sample from compatible donor, usually from red marrow in pelvis, and its inoculation into the recipients red marrow:
bone marrow transplant
timed blood test to determine time required for a blood clot to form:
coagulation time
lab test that evaluates sample of blood to provide diagnostic info about pt’s general health:
CBC
microscopic count of number of each type of white blood cell in a sample:
differential count
procedure included in cbc that measures the percentage of red blood cells in a volume of blood:
hematocrit
general field of medicine focusing on blood-related disease:
hematology
procedure in CBC that measures hemoglobin protein in red blood cells
Hemoglobin HGB
stoppage of bleeding is a physiological logical process, which means standing still blood
hemostasis
Transfusion of blood that is voluntarily donated by another person, requiring cross, matching to prevent incompatibility
homologous transfusion
A treatment that establishes a community against a particular foreign substance that may otherwise cause disease
immunization
Science concerned with immunity and allergy
immunology
Treatment of infectious disease in certain cancers by administering pharmacological agent, like serum gammaglobulin, treated antibodies, activated, white blood cells, and suppressive drugs
Immuno therapy
Surgical removal of one or more lymph nodes
lymphadenectomy
Lab procedure calculating number of platelets in a known volume of blood, if reduced suggests a potential failure of haemostasis
platelet count PLT
Any treatment that tends to prevent the onset of an infection or other type of disease?
prophylaxis means “protection b4”
phylaxis
protection
Treatment performed to dissolve an unwanted blood clot, or thrombus
thrombolysis
Inoculation of a foreign substance that has reduced violence of a reduced ability to cause infection, as a means of providing a cure or prophylaxis
Vaccination
Preparation used to activate an immune response to provide acquired immunity against infectious agent
vaccine
angi/o
blood vessel
aort/o
aorta
arter/o arteri/o
artery
coron/o
crown or circle/heart
my/o myo/so
muscle
valvul/o
Little valve
vas/o
vessel
vascul/o
Little vessel
ventricul/o
Lil belly or ventricle
isch/o
hold back
phleb/o
Vein
scler/o
hard
sept/o
putrefying wall partition
sten/o
narrow
tens/o
pressure
thromb/o
clot
varic/o
dilated vein
-ac
pertaining to
-ade
process
-al
pertaining to
-ar
pertaining to
-ic
pertaining to
-ion
process
-megaly
abnormally large
-oma
tumor
-osis
condition of
-pathy
disease
Abnormal bulging of an arterial wall
aneurysm
Inflammation of the heart and blood vessels
Angeo carditis
Tumour arising from a blood vessel, also known as haemangioma
angioma
When the aortic valve fails to close completely during ventricle, diastoll, blood may return to look ventricle, causing the left ventricle to work harder
aortic insufficiency AI
narrowing of the aortic valve, located between the left ventricle and aorta
Aortic stenosis
Inflammation of the aorta
aortitis
General term for disease of an artery
arteropathy
Artery walls, becoming thickened and losing elasticity or hardening of arteries
arteriosclerosis
fatty plaques, forming along the inner walls of arteries, reducing flow of blood through vessels
atherosclerosis
General condition present at birth, that centres on a malfunction of the heart
Congenital, heart disease
Abnormally enlarged atria
atriomegaly
An injury to the atrioventricular node, which normally receives impulses from the sinoatrial node and transmits them to the ventricles to simulate ventricular contraction
Atrioventricular block
Cessation of heart activity
cardiac arrest
Acute compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity
Cardiac tamponade
Abnormally enlargement of the heart
Cardiomegaly
General term for disease of the myocardium of the heart
Cardiomyopathy
inflammation of the valves of the heart
Cardio valvulitis
Congenital, heart disease affecting the infants aorta
Coarctation
chronic form of heart disease characterized by failure of the left ventricle the pump enough blood supply systemic issues
Congestive heart failure
Chronic enlargement, and reduce deficiency of the right ventricle, resulting from backup of the pulmonary circulation
cor pulmonale
General term for disease that affects the coronary arteries, supplying the heart
Coronary artery disease
Blockage within a coronary artery, resulting in reduce blood flow to the area of the heart muscle
coronary occlusion
occlusion
blockage
blockage that forms when a blood, clot or other foreign particle moves through the circulation
Embolism
Inflammation of the endocardium, the thin membrane lining inside walls of the heart
Endocarditis
Condition of uncoordinated, rapid contractions of the muscle, forming the ventricles or atria severe form of arrhythmia
Fibrillation
Block or delay of the normal electrical conduction of the heart
Heart block
Abnormal sound heard during auscultation of the heart
heart murmur
Presence of dilated are varicose veins in the anal region
Haemorrhoids
Persistently high blood pressure while at rest and abnormal condition called
Hypertension
Condition of abnormally, low blood pressure
Hypotension
Abnormally, low flow of blood to the tissues
ischemia
Death of a portion of the myocardium common name for heart attack
Myocardial infarction
Inflammation of the myocardium of the heart an acute condition
Myocarditis
Congenital condition characterized by an opening between the pulmonary artery, and the aorta at birth, due to a failure of the fetal vessel to close
Patent ductus arteriosus
Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart, the pericardium
Peri carditis
Inflammation of a vein
Phlebitis
Simultaneously inflammation of many arteries
Polyarteritis
Bacterial infection of the bloodstream
Septicaemia
Severe congenital disease, where, four defects associated with the heart are present at births
tetralogy of Fallot
Presence of stationary blood clots, within one or more blood vessels
Thrombosis
Abnormally dilated vein
Varicosis
Congenital disease, which an opening in the septum separating the right and left ventricle is present at birth
Ventricular septal defect
peri-
around
endo-
within
ultra-
beyond normal
angi/o
blood vessel
innoculation
often used as synonym for vaccination or immunization
T
temperature
P
pulse rate
R
Respiratory rate
BP
Blood pressure
ech/o
sound
embol/o
plug
man/o
thin scanty
phleb/o
vein
son/o
sound
sphygm/o
pulse
thromb/o
clot
-ary
pertaining to
-gram
record or image
-graphy
recording process
-lytic -lysis
loosen dissolve
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhaphy
suturing
-scopy
process of viewing
-stomy
surgical creation of an opening
-tomy
incision/to cut
diagnostic procedure of a blood vessel after injection of a contrast medium
angiography
Surgical repair of blood vessels
Angioplasty
Flexible, fiber, optic instrument, or endoscope to observe a disease blood vessel in to assess any lesions
Angioscopy
Surgical procedure involves the creation of an opening into a blood vessel, usually for the insertion of a catheter
Angiostomy
Surgical incision into a blood vessel
angiotomy
Procedure that obtains an x-ray image, MRI or CT scan image of the aorta
Aortography
Procedure, that obtains an image of an artery
Arteriography
Incision into an artery
arteriotomy
Important part of a physical exam involving listening to internal sounds using a stethoscope is called
auscultation
Insertion of a narrow, flexible to call the catheter through a blood vessel leading into the heart
Cardiac catheterization
Battery powered device that is implanted under the skin and wire to the inner wall of the heart to help control abnormal heart rhythms
Cardiac pacemaker
Emergency procedure used to maintain some blood blood vital organs until the heart can be restarted
CPR
Cardio pulmonary resuscitation
surgical procedure removing blood vessel from another part of the bodu and inserting it into the coronary circulation
coronary artery bypass graft
artificial metallic scaffold (stent) used to support an injured blood vessel compress an atherosclerotic plaque or anchor a surgical implant
coronary stent
Procedure we’re in electrical charge may be applied to chest wall to stop her conduction. System momentarily then restart it to get normal heart rhythm.
Defibrillation
Ultrasound procedure that evaluates blood flow through a blood vessel
Doppler sonography
Ultrasound procedure that direct sound waves through the heart to observe her structures in an effort to evaluate heart function
Echocardiography
Electrodes pass to the skin of a test to detect and record electrical events of the heart conduction system
Electrocardiography
Surgical removal of a blue floating blood clot or embolus
Embolectomy
Removal of inner lining of an artery to remove a fatty plaque, is a surgical procedure called
Endarterectomy
Portable electrocardiograph, worn by patient monitor electrical activity of the heart over 24 hours
Holter monitor
Drug use as emergency vasodilator treat, severe angina pectoris for myocardial infarction
Nitroglycerine
Procedure surgical removal of a vein
phlebectomy
Puncture into a van to remove blood for sampling
Phlebotomy
Noninvasive procedure provides blood flow images combine with a radioactive isotope
PET scan
Common procedure that measures arterial blood pressure
Sphygmomanometry
Treatments to dissolve on one and blood clots to prevent development of emboli performed after myocardial infarction to minimize damage to the heart uses drugs
Thrombolytic therapy
When cardiologists requires patient to do exercise during echocardiography in an effort to examine heart function under stress
Treadmill, stress test
Surgical repair of a heart valve
Valvuloplasty
crasia
mix or blend
dys-
painful difficult
When an infants heart allows blood to move between the two atria, because of a small opening in the wall, separating them, it result in a reduction of blood flow to the lungs
Atrial septal defect
