adult medical emergencies 1 Flashcards
(40 cards)
during hyperventilation arterial blood is low in Co and blood is called what
Hypocapnic
A tension Headache is what type and list some characteristics
Muscular headache. Caused by contractions of the face, neck, scalp, base of skull and forehead.
Migraines are what type of headache
vascular- constriction/dilation of blood vessels with regional hypo perfusion
list some characteristics of a migraine
Intense throbbing pain,visual disturbances , vertigo, nausea, vomiting
Cluster headaches are what type of headache
Histamine
What is a sinus headache
inflammation or infection of membranes lining the sinus
list some characteristics of a sinus headache
pain/pressure in the forehead, nasal cavity, and eyes
what is staticus asthmaticus
severe asthma attack that does not respond to normal asthma treatment and is associated with symptoms of respiratory faliure
What happens in a patient with asthma
the airways tighen, inflame, and fill with mucus
what are common symptoms of a person with asthma
coughing esp. at night, wheezing, short of breath, chest tightness/pain, tired easily, grouchy, moody
What happens in an asthma attack
the bands of muscle surrounding the airway tighten causing bronchospasm, wheesing in and out, cough wont stop, difficulty talking, anxiety, panic, pale, sweaty,blue lips.
List some signs and symptoms of bronchitis
Usually after upper resp infection, cough, thick clear, yellow or green mucus, mild fever under 101, tired, chest pain under breastbone, wheezes, hoarsness
In a coma what are signs and symptoms of Asymetrical (structural) causes
Intercranial bleed, emboli, head trauma, brain tumor, demylinating disease
In a coma what are some symetrical ( metabolic) causes
toxins, drugs, poison, hypoxia,hypoglycemiz, DKA, kidney failure
who does sickle cell disease most often affect
African Americans
How does one get sickle cell
It is inherited
which type is most common of sickle cell disease
sickle cell anemis
List some characteristics of sickle cell anemia
inferior O2 carrying capacity, abnormal hemoglobin calles hemoglobin s, RBC sickle shape and unable to pass through vessels, tissues and joints starve for O2
list some triggers of sickle call anemia crisis
dehydration, infection, lack of O2, stress, trauma
What is tidal volume
Volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled in a single breath
What is lung capacity
Volume of lungs at maximum inflation
What is residual volume
Volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation
What are the 2 functions of the pulmonary system
- provide continuos supply of O2 to the perfusing blood so the cardio vascular system can deliver O2, so energy demands of tissues is met
- eliminate from blood the metabolically produced CO2 in sufficient quantities for maintance of acid base balance of the brain
What does AEIOUTIPS stand for
alcohol, epilipsy,infection,overdose,uremis,traums, insulin, physcosis,shock
