adult medical emergencies 1

Question 1

during hyperventilation arterial blood is low in Co and blood is called what

Answer 1

Hypocapnic

Question 2

A tension Headache is what type and list some characteristics

Answer 2

Muscular headache. Caused by contractions of the face, neck, scalp, base of skull and forehead.

Question 3

Migraines are what type of headache

Answer 3

vascular- constriction/dilation of blood vessels with regional hypo perfusion

Question 4

list some characteristics of a migraine

Answer 4

Intense throbbing pain,visual disturbances , vertigo, nausea, vomiting

Question 5

Cluster headaches are what type of headache

Answer 5

Histamine

Question 6

What is a sinus headache

Answer 6

inflammation or infection of membranes lining the sinus

Question 7

list some characteristics of a sinus headache

Answer 7

pain/pressure in the forehead, nasal cavity, and eyes

Question 8

what is staticus asthmaticus

Answer 8

severe asthma attack that does not respond to normal asthma treatment and is associated with symptoms of respiratory faliure

Question 9

What happens in a patient with asthma

Answer 9

the airways tighen, inflame, and fill with mucus

Question 10

what are common symptoms of a person with asthma

Answer 10

coughing esp. at night, wheezing, short of breath, chest tightness/pain, tired easily, grouchy, moody

Question 11

What happens in an asthma attack

Answer 11

the bands of muscle surrounding the airway tighten causing bronchospasm, wheesing in and out, cough wont stop, difficulty talking, anxiety, panic, pale, sweaty,blue lips.

Question 12

List some signs and symptoms of bronchitis

Answer 12

Usually after upper resp infection, cough, thick clear, yellow or green mucus, mild fever under 101, tired, chest pain under breastbone, wheezes, hoarsness

Question 13

In a coma what are signs and symptoms of Asymetrical (structural) causes

Answer 13

Intercranial bleed, emboli, head trauma, brain tumor, demylinating disease

Question 14

In a coma what are some symetrical ( metabolic) causes

Answer 14

toxins, drugs, poison, hypoxia,hypoglycemiz, DKA, kidney failure

Question 15

who does sickle cell disease most often affect

Answer 15

African Americans

Question 16

How does one get sickle cell

Answer 16

It is inherited

Question 17

which type is most common of sickle cell disease

Answer 17

sickle cell anemis

Question 18

List some characteristics of sickle cell anemia

Answer 18

inferior O2 carrying capacity, abnormal hemoglobin calles hemoglobin s, RBC sickle shape and unable to pass through vessels, tissues and joints starve for O2

Question 19

list some triggers of sickle call anemia crisis

Answer 19

dehydration, infection, lack of O2, stress, trauma

Question 20

What is tidal volume

Answer 20

Volume of air that is inhaled or exhaled in a single breath

Question 21

What is lung capacity

Answer 21

Volume of lungs at maximum inflation

Question 22

What is residual volume

Answer 22

Volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation

Question 23

What are the 2 functions of the pulmonary system

Answer 23

1. provide continuos supply of O2 to the perfusing blood so the cardio vascular system can deliver O2, so energy demands of tissues is met
2. eliminate from blood the metabolically produced CO2 in sufficient quantities for maintance of acid base balance of the brain

Question 24

What does AEIOUTIPS stand for

Answer 24

alcohol, epilipsy,infection,overdose,uremis,traums, insulin, physcosis,shock

Question 25

What are structural causes of a coma

Answer 25

Intercrainal bleed, emboli, head trauma, brain tumor, demylinating disease

Question 26

what are some metabolic causes of a coma

Answer 26

barbituates, narcotics, hallucinogens, depressants, alcohol

Question 27

List enviromental causes of a coma

Answer 27

hypothermia, heat stroke

Question 28

What are the cranial nerves that control the eyes and vision

Answer 28

CN-2,optic and vision…CN-3,4,5-EOM, pupil, oculomotor…CN,5-facial nerves

Question 29

What is Antibuse used for

Answer 29

motivate alcholic to refrain from drinking by causing ill side effects

Question 30

list symptoms of Antibuse

Answer 30

flushed skin, hypotension,hyperventilation, tacypnea, dyspnea, headache, vertigo, diaphoresis, chest pain, blurred vision,

Question 31

In Methanol toxicity what does your iver convert methanol to

Answer 31

Formic acid—formaldehyde

Question 32

What is methanol also known as

Answer 32

Wood alcohol

Question 33

What can you find methanol in

Answer 33

paint remover, canned fuels, gasoline, varnish

Question 34

What is Ethylene Glycol in

Answer 34

antifreeze, paint, windshield deicer, coolant

Question 35

what is an important characteristic of Ethylene Glycol

Answer 35

it has a sweet taste and is usually colored

Question 36

what does the liver metabolize ethylene glycol as

Answer 36

glycolic acid, oxalic acid

Question 37

What products contain Isopropyl alchol

Answer 37

rubbing alcohol, disinfectant (hand sanatizer), degreaser,

Question 38

What does the body metabolize isopropyl alcohol as

Answer 38

acetone

Question 39

What is functional residual capacity

Answer 39

the amount of air left in the lungs at the end of a normal breath. the pressure is equalized inside and out. the system always returns to this

Question 40

What does the diaphgram do what you breathe

Answer 40

it contracts and pulls down allowing the lungs to fill with air