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paramedic > Adult Emergencies 2 > Flashcards

Adult Emergencies 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the purpose of obtaining serial vital signs

A

looking for trends

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2
Q

list 3 things that can predispose the aging person to hypothermia

A

skin becomes thinner; loss of subcutaneous fat; and slower responses to regulate heat

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3
Q

what are looking for when assessing the work of breathing in an aging person

A

rate, color, effort, tidal volume, minute volume

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4
Q

The purpose of baroreceptors is

A

blood pressure regulation

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5
Q

list 2 classifications of medication that can interfere and be a detriment to an aging persons compensatory mechanisms

A

Ca channel blockers, Beta blockers

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6
Q

The purpose of chemo receptors is

A

chemoreceptors monitor the blood for carbon dioxide levels

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7
Q

list 3 obstructions that can occlude the aging ariway

A

Dentrues, blood, pills, mucous,

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8
Q

How many stages of CKD are there

A

5 stages

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9
Q

what are some conditions caused by ESRD

A

uremia, anemia, secondary hyper parathyroidism, electrolyte imbalance, bleeding problems, fluid retention

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10
Q

what is the most common type of complications with Hemodialysis

A

hypotension: 25% to 55%

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11
Q

what are some other common complications with HD

A

nausea, vomiting, back pain, cramps, headache,

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12
Q

What are the 3 defense systems the body has

A

barrier system, the inflammatory, the immune response

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13
Q

The foreign substance that breaches the bodies barrier defense system is known as

A

an antigen

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14
Q

the components that come to combat the antigen is known as

A

an antibody

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15
Q

what are top 3 causes of death in elderly

A

falls, MVC, burns

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16
Q

what is distress

A

negative, debilitating or harmful stress

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17
Q

what is eustress

A

positive, preformance-enhancing stress

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18
Q

several factors play a major role in maintaining physical health. These factors are

A

good nutrition,physical fitness, ample sleep, and the prevention of disease and injury.

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19
Q

what are the 3 stages of stress

A

alarm reaction, resistance, exhaustion

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20
Q

what are four types of symptoms associated with PTSD

A

reexperiencing, numbing, avoidance, and arousal

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21
Q

what is another name for a radiological dispersion device

A

RDD or a dirty nuke or dirty bomb

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22
Q

what are the 4 factors of basic radiation protection

A

time, distance, shielding, quantity

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23
Q

radiation materials are classified into 3 types what are they

A

alpha,beta, gamma

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24
Q

the effects on specific organ systems particularly relevant to the older adult occur in

A

respiratory, cardiovascular, renal, nervous, and musculoskeletal systems

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25
Q

with againg the chest wall becomes _____________ as the bony thorax becomes more___________

A

stiffer, rigid

26
Q

lung elastic recoil also _______

A

decreases

27
Q

in aging despite the loss of lung elasticity does the total lung capacity increase, decrease or stay the same?

A

remains the same

28
Q

Changes in chest wall compliance and weakened resp muscles and diameter of alveoli increasing, do these changes lead to and increase/decrease in residual bolume and an increase/decrease in vital capacity

A

increase, decrease

29
Q

for an older adult what does a decreased ciliary activity mean

A

increased risk of infection

30
Q

changes in physical structures an limit airway positioning in the aging patient are

A

kyphosis, scoliosis

31
Q

what does GEMS stand for

A

geriatric,environmental, medical, social

32
Q

what is poison control phone number

A

1-800-222-1222

33
Q

What abdominal organs lie in the upper right quadrant

A

liver, gall bladder,head of pancreas, part of ascending and transerse colon

34
Q

what abdominal organs lie in the upper left quadrant

A

stomach, spleen,left lobe of liver,body and tail of pancreas,part of transverse and descending colon

35
Q

what abdominal organs lie in the lower right quadrant

A

appendix, cecum,

36
Q

what abdominal organs lie in the lower left quadrant

A

descending colon, sigmoid colon

37
Q

what abdominal organs are retroperitoneal

A

pancreas, kidneys ureters,

38
Q

how much saliva does the body produce in one day

A

1 liter

39
Q

what is the function of the digestive system

A

ingest, propel, secrete, digest, absorb, excrete

40
Q

motility of the GI tract is regulated by what

A

hormones

41
Q

how long is and what is the purpose of the esophagus

A

25 cm, to propel food boluses inot the stomach via peristalsis-(involuntary swallowing)

42
Q

how long and what is the stomach function

A

10”, and mixes, secretes, stores, propels

43
Q

the stomach has 3 regions, what are they

A

fundus, body, pyloris

44
Q

what is the ph of the stomach

A

1.5-2

45
Q

how long and what is the function of the small intestine

A

20 ft,secrete its own digestive juices that continue the breakdown of foods, begins process of absorbtion

46
Q

what are the 3 portions of the small intestine

A

Duodenum 10”, jejunum 8ft, Illeum 12ft,

47
Q

how long and what is the function of the large intestine

A

4-5 ft.-to absorb water, electrolytes and digestive juices. secrete mucin

48
Q

what are the 6 portions of the large intestine

A

ascending (cecum & appendix), transverse, descending, sigmoid (forms stool),rectum, anal canal

49
Q

gall bladder is a what and function

A

hollow organ, concentrates and stores bile secreted by the liver

50
Q

pancreas is what and function

A

solid organ, secretes hormones insulin and glucagon which are responsible for regulation of blood glucose levels

51
Q

what is the major enzyme released by the pancreas

A

amylase

52
Q

the pancreas has what types of glands

A

endocrine and exocrine

53
Q

liver is what and function

A

solid encapsulated organ, detoxification, stores blood clotting factors,removes damagd RBC, stores and releases glycogen

54
Q

how many lobes does the liver have

A

2 right and left, right lobe is larger

55
Q

what is the largest organ in the body

A

liver

56
Q

the spleen is what and function

A

very vascular solid organ, a lymphoid organ, blood reservoir

57
Q

kidneys are what type of organ

A

solid

58
Q

what are some functions of the kidneys

A

form urine, maintain proper blood volume, water and electrolytes, control arterial blood, detoxify

59
Q

what is the messsentery

A

connective tissue that holds pareital organs in place, suspends the bowel from the main membrane to hold the small intestine

60
Q

what is the omentum

A

an additional fold of mesentery which covers, insulates, and protects the abdominal wall

61
Q

what are the regions of the abdomin

A

epigastric, periumbilical, and hypogastric

paramedic (9 decks)

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