ADRs/Med administration/Med Errors

Question 1

Adverse Drug Events

Answer 1

Harm associated with any dose of a drug

Question 2

Adverse Drug Reactions

Answer 2

Any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses

Includes excessive dosages

Ranges from annoying to life-threatening

(Adverse side effects, toxicity, allergic reaction, Idiosyncratic effect, Paradoxical effect, Iatrogenic disease)

Question 3

Medication Errors

Answer 3

Preventable.

Common cause of adverse health care outcomes.

Effects can range from no significant effect to disability or death

Question 4

Types of Medication Errors

Answer 4

Direct (dose too high)

Indirect (dose too low)

Fatal medication errors. (OD 35.4%, Wrong drug 16.2%, Wrong route 9.5%)

Question 5

Causes of Med Errors

Answer 5

90% of all errors due to:
•Human factors
•Communication mistakes
•Drug name confusion

Human factors (in order)
•Performance deficits such as wrong route
•Knowledge deficits
•Miscalculation of dosage