Adrenergic Receptors Flashcards
What are the names of the receptors within the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS)?
Beta One Receptors
Beta Two Receptors
Alpha One Receptors
What hormones/neurotransmitters activate the receptors of the SNS?
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
What is the name of a chemical that acts as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter?
Catecholamine
When a catecholamine comes from the adrenal medulla, what is its primary role?
Acting as a hormone
When a catecholamine comes from the brain/Central Nervous System, what is its primary role?
Acting as a neurotransmitter
What effects does beta one activation have on the heart?
Increases heart rate
Increases the force of cardiac contractions
Increases impulse conduction
Increases cardiac output
What effects does beta one activation have on the kidneys?
Releases renin from the kidneys
Activates Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
Promotes vasoconstriction, which increases blood pressure
What effects does beta two activation have on the lungs?
Promotes bronchodilation
Increases air flow through the bronchioles
More air and oxygen delivered to alveoli, improves gas exchange
What effects does beta two activation have on the arterioles of the heart, lungs and skeletal muscles?
Promotes vasodilation
Increases the blood flow to these organs/muscles/tissues
Increases the amount of oxygen that is being delivered to these organs/muscles/tissues
What effects does beta two activation have on the skeletal muscles?
Increases contraction of the muscles
Does a provider want to purposefully block beta two receptors? Why or why not?
No!
If beta two receptors are blocked it will cause bronchoconstriction, restricting air flow and gas exchange
This will then cause difficulty breathing and respiratory complications
What effects does alpha one activation have on the peripheral arteries?
Promotes vasoconstriction to increase blood pressure
What effects does alpha one activation have on the bladder?
Bladder neck contraction, causing resistance
What is a drug called if it works on the SNS receptors?
An adrenergic drug
What is a drug called if it works with SNS receptors?
An adrenergic agonist drug
What is a drug called if it works against/blocks SNS receptors?
An adrenergic antagonist drug
If a drug is selective, what does that mean?
It will only selectively work on specific receptors
If a drug is nonselective, what does that mean?
It will work on its intended receptors but will have effects on other receptors within the same class
What are the three principal functions of the Autonomic Nervous System?
Regulate the heart
Regulate secretory glands
Regulate smooth muscle
What actions occur within the body when the Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) is activated?
Heart rate slows to baseline
Increased gastric secretion
Bladder empties
Bowels empty
Pupils constrict to focus the eye for near vision
Bronchial smooth muscle constricts to baseline
What actions occur in the body when the Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is activated?
Heart rate increases Blood pressure increases Blood is directed to skeletal muscles Bronchioles dilate Pupils dilate Glycogen (Stored energy) is converted to glucose for use by brain and muscles
What effect does beta two have on the liver?
When beta two is activated by epinephrine and norepinephrine, glycogenolysis occurs in the liver (glycogen turns to glucose)
