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Neuroscience II Exam I - Pharmacology > Adrenergic Drugs > Flashcards

Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Alpha 1 agonist

Treats hypotension (vasoconstrictor), ocular procedures (mydriatic), rhinitis (decongestant)

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2
Q

Clonidine

A

Alpha 2 agonist

Used for hypertensive urgency (limited situations), ADHD, tourette syndrome

Adverse effects include CNS depression, bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression, miosis

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3
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Mixed agonist (a1=a2, B1)

Treats hypotension and septic shock

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4
Q

Epinephrine

A

Mixed agonist (a1=a2, B1=B2) — first aid says beta > alpha

Treats anaphylaxis, asthma, open-angle glaucoma; alpha effects predominate at high doses

Significantly stronger effect at beta-2 receptor than NE

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5
Q

Dobutamine

A

Beta 1 agonist

Treats heart failure (inotropic > chronotropic), used in cardiac stress testing

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6
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Beta 1 = Beta 2 agonist

Used for electrophysiologic evaluation of tachyarrhythmias; can worsen ischemia

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7
Q

Terbutaline

A

Beta 2 = Beta 1 agonist

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8
Q

Albuterol

A

Beta 2 agonist

Acute asthma or COPD

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9
Q

Dopamine

A

D1=D2 agonist

Treats unstable bradycardia, heart failure, shock

Inotropic and chronotropic effects at lower doses due to beta effects; vasoconstriction at high doses due to alpha effects

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10
Q

Fenoldopam

A

D1 agonist

Treats postoperative HTN, hypertensive crisis

Acts as a vasodilator, promotes natriuresis

Can cause hypotension and tachycardia

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11
Q

Indirect adrenomimmetic(s) that inhibit uptake of DA and NE

A

Cocaine

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12
Q

Indirect adrenomimmetic(s) that inhibit MAO

A

Selegiline

Phenelzine

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13
Q

Indirect adrenomimmetic(s) that reverse NE and DA uptake and increase their release

A

Amphetamines
Methylphenidate
Tyramine (byproduct of tyrosine metabolism)

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14
Q

Indirect adrenomimmetic(s) that acts as a releasing agent and direct agonist

A

Ephedrine

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15
Q

Phentolamine

A

Non-selective (alpha 1 and alpha 2) antagonist (reversible)

Given to patients on MAO inhibitors who eat tyramine-containing foods

Adverse effects include orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

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16
Q

Phenoxybenazmine

A

Non-selective (alpha 1 and alpha 2) antagonist (irreversible)

Used for pheochromocytoma (used preop) to prevent catecholamine (hypertensive) crisis

Adverse effects include orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

17
Q

Alpha 1 selective anti-adrenergic drugs

A 
Prazosin
Terazosin
Tamsulosin
Doxazosin
Alfuzosin
Silodosin

Used to tx urinary sxs of BPH; PTSD, HTN

Adverse effects include 1st dose orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, headache

18
Q

Labetolol

A

Mixed blocker - beta and alpha 1 antagonist

19
Q

Carvedilol

A

Mixed blocker - beta and alpha 1 antagonist

20
Q

Beta 1 and beta 2 blockers (mixed)

A

Propranalol
Pindolol
Nadolol
Penbutolol

21
Q

Beta 1 selective beta blockers

A

Metoprolol
Betaxolol
Acebutolol
Atenolol

22
Q

Indirect acting anti-adrenergics — NE-release inhibitor

A

Guanethidine

23
Q

Indirect acting anti-adrenergics — inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase

A

Metyrosine

24
Q

Clinical uses for amphetamines

A

Narcolepsy
Obesity
ADHD

25
Q

Clinical use for cocaine

A

Causes vasoconstriction and local anesthesia

26
Q

why should you never give beta blockers to someone suspected of cocaine intoxication

A

Because that could lead to unopposed alpha-1 activation and extreme HTN

27
Q

Clinical use for ephedrine

A

Nasal decongestion

Urinary incontinence

Hypotension

28
Q

Applications for beta blockers

A

Angina pectoris — decreases HR and contractility, resulting in decreased O2 consumption

MI — decreases mortality

SVT (metoprolol) — decreases AV conduction velocity

HTN — decreases CO, decreases renin secretion (d/t B1 receptor blockade on JG cells)

HF — decreases mortality

Glaucoma — decreases secretion of aqueous humor

Variceal bleeding — decreases hepatic venous pressure gradient and portal HTN

29
Q

Adverse effects of beta blockers

A

ED, bradycardia, AV block, HF, seizures, sedation, sleep alteration, dyslipidemia, asthma/COPD exacerbations

Neuroscience II Exam I - Pharmacology (7 decks)

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