Adrenergic Bronchodilator

Question 1

Mechanism of Action: a-receptor stimulation

Answer 1

–vasoconstriction effect
–example: phenylephrine
–epinephrine

Question 2

Mechanism of Action: B1-receptor stimulation

Answer 2

–increased HR and contractile force

Question 3

Mechanism of Action: B2 receptor stimulation

Answer 3

–relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle

Question 4

Catecholamine: Racemic Epinephrine

Answer 4

– Ultra-short acting
–Mode of action: a and B receptors
–Method of Admin.: SVN 2.25%, 0.25-0.5 ml QID
–Onset: 3-5 min
–Peak: 5-20 min
–Duration: 0.5-2hrs
–Trade Name: Asthmanefrin
–Used for: reduce upper airway swelling
-post-extubation stridor
-epiglottitis
–croup

Question 5

Resorcinols: Metaproterenol

Answer 5

–better maintenance therapy
–Mode of Action: Beta-2 specific
–Method of Admin.: PO- tablet or syrup
–Treats: bronchospasm, has many cardiac effects
–Duration: 2-6 hrs

Question 6

Resorcinols: Terbutaline

Answer 6

–Mode of Action: Beta-2 specific
–Method of Admin.: Parenteral (IV)
–Treats: bronchospasm
- stops premature labor by relaxing smooth muscles
–Onset: 1-5 min
–Peak: 30-60 min
–Duration: 4-6hrs

Question 7

Saligenin Agents: Albuterol

Answer 7

– Short Acting
–Mode of Action: Beta-2 receptor
–Method of Admin:
-MDI: 2 puffs, tid, qid
-Nebulizer: 0.5% (5mg/ml), 0.5ml, qid, tid
-Syrup: 2mg/5ml, 1-2 tsp, tid, qid
-given continuously for severe asthma
–Onset: 15 min
–Peak: 30-60 min
–Duration: 5-12hrs
–Effects: cardiac arrhythmias, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, tremor
–Trade Name: Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA, ProAir HFA, AccuNeb
–Side effects: trembling, and shakiness
-tachycardia
-increase BP
-Tremor
-Headache
-Insomnia

Question 8

Saligenin: Levalbuterol

Answer 8

–the R-Isomer of albuterol
–more potent
–Released in 1999
–Mode of Admin: HFA, MID, and nebulizer
–Onset: 15min
–Peak: 30-60min
–Duration: 5-8 hr
–Side Effects: tremor and heart rate changes are less

Question 9

Long-Acting B-Adrenergic Agents

Answer 9

–offer less frequent dosing and nocturnal

Question 10

Long-Acting β-Adrenergic: Extended-release albuterol

Answer 10

–available as Vospire ER
–Method of Admin: 4-mg or 8-mg oral tablet
–Duration: 8-12hr

Question 11

Long-Acting β-Adrenergic: Salmeterol

Answer 11

–Method of Admin: DPI
–Bronchodilator effect
–Onset: 20 min
–Peak: 3-5hrs
–Duration: 12hrs
–Trade Name: Serevent Diskus

Question 12

Long-Acting β-Adrenergic: Formoterol

Answer 12

–Mode of Action: B2-selective
–Method of Admin: SVN and DPI
–Used for: Maintenance of Asthma
-Asthma 5yr+
-Exercise-induced bronchospasm
-COPD
–Onset: 15 min
–Peak: 30-60min
–Duration: 12hrs
–Trade Name: Performist, Foradil

Question 13

Long-Acting β-Adrenergic: Arformoterol

Answer 13

–Mode of Action: B2-selective
–Single isomer of formoterol
–Method of Admin: nebulizer solution
–Onset: 15 min
–Peak: 30-60min
–Duration: 12hrs
–Treats: COPD
-maintenance therapy for asthma
–Trade Name: Brovana

Question 14

Long-Acting β-Adrenergic: Indacterol

Answer 14

–Mode of action: B2-selective
–Method of Admin: DPI
–Onset: 5min
–Peak: 30min
–Duration: 24hrs
–Ultra-long lasting
–Treats: maintenance of COPD
–Trade Name: Arcapta Neohaler

Question 15

Long-Acting β-Adrenergic: Olodaterol

Answer 15

–Mode of Action: B2-slective agonist
–Method of Admin:
–Ultra-long Lasting
–Onset: 5 min
–Peak: 30-60min
–Duration: 24hrs
–Treats: Maintenance of COPD
–Trade Name: Striverdi Respimat

Question 16

Long-Acting β-Adrenergic: Vilanterol

Answer 16

–Mode of Action: B2-selective
–Mode of Admin: DPI
–Ultra long Lasting
–Duration: 24hrs
–Combination: Fluticasone (Breo Ellipta), and Umeclidinium( Anoro Ellipta)

Question 17

Bronchodilators

Answer 17

Relaxation of smooth airway muscle in the presence of reversible airflow obstruction is a general indication

Question 18

Short-acting b2 agonists are indicated for?

Answer 18

–relief of acute reversible airflow obstruction

Question 19

Long-acting b2 agonists are indicated for

Answer 19

–maintenance of bronchodilation

Question 20

A trade name for Albuterol

Answer 20

–Proventil

Question 21

If a drug is for maintenance use, it should be given

Answer 21

–once or twice daily