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General Pharmacology > Adrenergic Antagonists - Drug > Flashcards

Adrenergic Antagonists - Drug Flashcards

1
Q

What are the classes of adrenergic antagonist

A

Alpha and beta blocker
Alpha receptor blocker
Beta blocker

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2
Q

Alpha blocker types?

A
  • alpha1 selective , alpha2 selective and non selective blockers
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3
Q

What are the two main non selective alpha blocker

A
  • phenoxybenzamine

- phetolamine

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4
Q

Uses of phenoxybezamine

A

Pheochromocytoma (DOC)
Antidote of cocaine, amphetatime

Raynaud’s dx
Automatic dysreflexia

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5
Q

S/e is phenoxybenzamine

A

Reflex tachycardia
Orthostatic Hypotension
Stuffy nose
Sexual dysfunction: ejaculation

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6
Q

Is pheoxy benzamine a reversible or irreversible blocker

A

Irreversible blocker

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7
Q

Phentolamine is a _________ blocker

A

Reversible non selective adrenergic blocker with a short half life.

Used for short term management of phecromocytoma, tx of impotence (rarely used)

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8
Q

Examples of A1 selective blocker

A

‘osins’

Note that doxaosin is long acting

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9
Q

Uses of A1 selective blocker

A

BPH (DOC) :tamsulosin
PTSD: Prazosin
Urinary hesitancy
HTN: all except tamsulosin

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10
Q

Side effects of selective alpha blocker

A 
Headache dizziness fatigue
First dose syncope 
Reflex tachycardia
Orthostatic hypotension
NASAL stuffiness 
Ejaculation problem
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11
Q

Tx of bph

A

Tamsulosin selective A1 blocker

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12
Q

Different A1 receptors

A 
A1 a : urethra, urinary bladder, prostrate 
A1b: blood vessels, prostrate 
A1 c
A1d  urinary bladder
A1e
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13
Q

Types of beta blocker

A

Selective and non selective

olols

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14
Q

NonSelective beta blocker

A

TPN

Timolol
Propanolol
Nadolol
Pindolol (non-selective)

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15
Q

Cardio selective b1 blocker

A

Acebutolol (partial agonist)
Metoprolol
Esmolol
Atenolol

MAE

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16
Q

What b blocker is given during emergency

A

Esmolol cardio selective

It has a short half life

17
Q

Effects of non selective beta blocker in non diabetic pts

A

Type 2 dm due to insulin resistant

18
Q

Effects of non selective beta blocker in diabetic pts

A

Hypoglycemia due to lowered glycogenolysis

19
Q

Non selective beta blocker effect : LIPOLYSIS explain

A

No insulin so LPL Is not stimulated and can’t convert VLDL to ILDL

insulin is known to activate LPL in adipocytes and its placement in the capillary endothelium. By contrast, insulin has been shown to decrease expression of muscle LPL. Muscle and myocardial LPL is instead activated by glucagon and adrenaline.

20
Q

Uses of bb

A 
Angina (doc) 
HTN
Arrhythmia 
Migraine 
Thyrotoxicosis 
Anxiety dx
21
Q

Side effects of propranolol

A 
Bronchconstriction
Na retention 
Arrhythmia 
Sexual impairment 
Fasting hypoglycemia 
Fatigue and exercise intolerance (not caused by alpha blocker)

CNS effects cus it crosses bbb( atenolol doesn’t)

22
Q

What beta blocker drugs are useful for the tx of glaucoma

A

Timolol

They prevent ne from binding to the B2 receptor so low camp and low aqueous humor formation

23
Q

Tx of glaucoma

A
  • epinephrine
  • bb: Timolol
  • pilocarpine
24
Q

Beta1 selective blocker

A

Same effects as bb non selective but safe for cop dp d and asthma pts

25
Q

Esmolol

A

Tx of acute supraventricular arrhythmia

Also with METOPROLOL (s/e- dyslipidemia)

26
Q

How can bb mask insulin induced hypoglycemia

A

It suppresses cathecolamines and the normal symptoms of hypoglycemia is not seen ( tremors, sweating and palpitations)

27
Q

Bb with intrinsic sympathomimmetic action

A

Pindolol

Acebutolol

28
Q

Alpha and better blockers

A

Labetol

Carvidilol

29
Q

Uses of A&B blocker

A

HTN in elderly black pt
Cocaine induced HTN
Pregnancy with HTN

S/e Orthostatic HTN and dizziness

30
Q

Other uses of phenolamine

A
  • second line drug for cocaine induced HTN
  • given to pts on MAO inhibitors who take tyramine containing foods
  • to treat NE extravasation
31
Q

An example of an A2 selective blocker

A

Mirtazapine

32
Q

Uses of mirtazapine

A

Depression

33
Q

S/e of mirtazapine

A

Sedation
Increase serum cholesterol
Increase appetite

34
Q

Symptomatic tx of hyperthyroidism

A

Propranolol

35
Q

B blocker for variceal bleeding

A

Nadolol, propranolol, carvedilol

36
Q

Nebivolol

A

A beta blocker which combines
cardiac selective B1 adrenergic blockage + B3

Cause increase of NO as it activates NO synthase in the blood vessel

General Pharmacology (10 decks)

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