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Pharmacology > Adrenergic Antagonists > Flashcards

Adrenergic Antagonists Flashcards

1
Q

Reversible Alpha Receptor Antagonists

A

compete w.agonists and endogenous catecholamines
blocks receptor and can dissociated if agonist is present in high amounts
duration depends on drugs affinity for receptor and the drugs 1/2 life

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2
Q

irreversible Alpha Receptors

A 
covalent bonds (permanently block) 
longer 1/2 life
duration of action dependent in synthesis of new receptors
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3
Q

Alpha Antagonists on CV system

A

block alpha 1 vasoconstriction=vasodilation=drop in BP

reflex tachycardia develops in response to maintain CO

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4
Q

Other Effects of Alpha 1 antagonists

A 
block mydriasis (get miosis=constriction)
block nasal vasoconstriction=congestion
block urinary retantion=facilitates urination
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5
Q

Phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline)

A

alpha antagonist
irreversibly blocks alpha 1
causes vasodilation
also blocks presynaptic alpha 2 receptors
tx Pheochromocytoma
excessive catecholamine release (oversecretion of NE and Epi)

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6
Q

Phentolamine (OraVerse)

A

alpha antagonist
Reversibley blocks Alpha 1 and presynaptic alpha 2
a1 block=decrease BP
A2 block=increase cardiac stimulation

tx pheochromocytoma

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7
Q

Prazosin (Minipress)

A

alpha 1 antagonist

tx HTN

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8
Q

Terazosin (Hytrin)

A

alpha 1 antagonist

used to tx HTN

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9
Q

Doxazosin (Cardura)

A

alpha 1 antagonist

used to tx HTN

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10
Q

Tamsulosin (Flomax)

A

alpha 1 agonist

tx HTN and relax smooth muscle of prostate to tx BPH=allows urination

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11
Q

Beta Receptor Antagonists

A

bind reversibly
drugs differ in affinity and selectivity for blocking Beta 1 and Beta 2 receptors
selectivity decreases with higher dose

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12
Q

Beta antagonists on cardiovascular system

A

“beta blockers”
tx HTN in pt that also has angina, CHF, MI
reduces cardiac work loads (-inotropic and - chronotropic)
slows AV node and decreases HR

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13
Q

Beta Blockers and BP

A

block Beta 2 receptors=Bp decreases

enhanced by agents that also bock alpha 1 receptos–>labetolol`

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14
Q

Beta Blocker use in Angina

A

imprives balance between oxygen supply and demand.

Block adrenergic=reduction in cardiac work load

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15
Q

Contraindication of Beta blocker use in Pt’s with asthma and COPD

A

B blcokers are not selective, so beta blcokers can worsen asthma and COPD because b2 antagonists can cause bronchoconstriction

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16
Q

Beta Blocker use in Ophthamic

A

tx open angle glaucoma

reduces production of aqueous humor

17
Q

Other effects of Beta Blockers

A

block glucose metabolization
worsen high cholesterol
local anesthertic

18
Q

Metabolic Effects of Beta Blockers

A

block glucose metabolizm-blocks bodys ability to make glucose available when needed–>complications with IDDM

19
Q

Cholesterol Issues with Beta Blockers

A

increases VLDL (bad) and decreases HDL (good)

20
Q

Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Activity (ISA)

A

when beta blockers has beta agonist activity
may decrease theraputic effects and also decrease negative side effects

labetolo
pindolol
acebutolol

21
Q

Local Anesthetic Actions of Beta Blockers

A 
blocks sodium cannels-blocks abulity of pain stimulus to get to brain
acebutolo
labetolol
pindolol
propranolol
22
Q

Beta Blockers to tx HTN

A 
1st lines in pt's with heart failure, post MI, angina, DM
atenolo (tenormin)
bisoprolol (zabeta)
metoprolol (lopressor, toprol)
nadolol (corgard)
Pindolol (visken)
23
Q

Beta Blockers to tx Ischemic Heart Disease

A

b blcokers=decrease cardiac work load=less demand for o2
1st line in pt’s at risk for MI or have hx of angina or left ventricular dysfunction

Propranolo (Inderal)
metoprolol (lopressor)

24
Q

Beta Blockers to tx Arrhythmias

A

tx ventricular and svc tachycardia, a fib and atrial flutter
b blockers slow down heart rate
metoprolol (lopressor), sotalol (betapace)

25
Q

Beta Blockers and Heart Failure

A

Chronic heart failure
metoprolol (lopressor)
bisoprolol (zabeta)
carvedilol (coreg)

26
Q

Beta Blockers used in Glaucoma

A 
local acting
decreases production of aqueous humor
timolo (timoptic)
bextaxolol (betoptic)
carteolol (ocupress)
levobunolol (betagan)
27
Q

Beta Blockers use in Hyperthyroidism

A

b blockers block adrenergic receptors (decreases symptoms), decreases conversion of T4 to T3 which
propranolol

28
Q

Beta Blockers use for Migraine headaches

A

metroprolol, propranolol, reduce frequancy or intensity of migraines

29
Q

beta Blockers use in performance anxiety

A

slows heart rate, reduces palmar sweating

30
Q

Beta Blockers in hepactic dieases

A

specific beta blockers can target effect to reduce elevated blood pressure
Nadolo (corgard)
Propranolol (Inderal)

31
Q

Unwanted Effects of Beta Blockers

A

bradycardia
worsening of asthma
may worsen CO in pt’s with heart failure
exacerbate hypoglycemia in IDDM’s

Pharmacology (21 decks)

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