Adrenergic Antagonist Flashcards

1
Q

What is one of the most important effects alpha receptor antagonist have clinically?

A

Effects on the cardiovascular system. Baja la presión sanguínea.

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2
Q

Que ocurre si hay inhibición de alpha 1?

A

Ocurre vasodilatación bajando la presión por reflejos baroreceptor. Puede llevar a hipotension ortostatica. Si se bloquea también alpha 2 se libera mucha NE

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3
Q

Efecto del reflejo baroreceptor y la presión arterial.

A

-Reflejo baroreceptor activo, aumenta presión arterial por el simpatetico aumentando vasoconstricción

-Reflejo baroreceptor inactivo, disminuye presión arterial por el parasimpatetico disminuyendo vasoconstricción

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4
Q

Cuál es la distribución de receptores alpha 1 a y b?

A

70% de la prostata se componen de alpha 1 a.

Alpha 1 b se encuentra mayormente en la contraction del músculo liso vascular.

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5
Q

What is an alpha 1 antagonist drug that can help treat hypertension and BPH?

A

Prazosin non-selective between alpha 1 and and b that can also help reduce cholesterol

-However, Tamsulosin and silodosin are less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension.

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6
Q

What are two drug analogs of prazosin?

A

-Terazosin: less potent and induce apoptosis in prostate smooth muscle
-Doxazosin: bioavailability and metabolism like prazosin and induce apoptosis in prostate smooth muscle

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7
Q

What are three selective alpha 1 antagonist that only treats BPH?

A

-Alfuzosin: contraindicated in patients at risk of prolonged QT syndrome
-Tamsulosin: selective for Alpha 1 a
-Silodosin: selective for alpha 1 a

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8
Q

What drug is an alpha 2 selective antagonist that in the US is use as a supplement?

A

Yohimbine

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9
Q

What are two non selective alpha antagonist use to treat pheochromocytoma?

A

-Phenoxybenzamine: irreversible antagonist
-Phentolamine: competitive antagonist that is also used to treat hypertensive crisis from Clonidine or tyramine and prevent necrosis.

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10
Q

What is the difference between a first generation and a second generation beta blocker?

A

-First generation: Non-selective beta blocker
-Second generation: Selective beta 1 blocker

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11
Q

Why beta blockers like timolol are the standard of care for congestive heart failure?

A

The Donkey analogy. Pone un límite de velocidad sin disminuir la carga.

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12
Q

Beta blockers can also help treat glaucoma. Which two beta-blockers confer protection to retinal neurons?

A

Betaxolol and timolol

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