Adrenergic Agonists Flashcards
inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase
metyrosine
inhibits VMAT
reserpine
inhibits NET
cocaine
TCAs
inhibit VAMPS and SNAPS
bretylium
guanethidine
B1 = B2 vasodilator, increased CO decreased DAP and MAP tx: bronchospasm, HB, Brady arrhythmias SE: flush, angina, arrhythmias
isoproterenol - nonselective
A1, A2, B1
increases TPR, DAP, SAP
+ inotropic effects on heart
NE
used in cardiac arrest
hypotension
NE
ADR: anxiety, palpitation, acute rise BP, headache, necrosis, gangrene, contracts uterus, severe HTN, anginal pain
NE
A1, A2, B1, B2
.3 - .5 ml per 1:1000
Epi
low dose: decrease TPR, DAP, MAP
medium dose: increase SBP, DAP decrease, no change MAP and no reflex HR change
high dose: vasoconstriction- MAP increase, SAP increase, DBP decrease, increase HR and decrease reflex HR
Epi
ADR: restlessness, throbbing headache, tremor, cerebral hemorrhage, cardiac arrhythmias
Epi
Contraindicated: hypertensives, hyperthyroid, and angina pectoris, MAOI use
Epi
A1, A2, B1, B2
gains access to CNS
pseudoephedrine - OTC decongestant - cold meds
displaces NE from vesicle
ephedrine
increase urine output
D1
dopamine
D1
peripheral arterial dilation and naturiuresis
treats HTN - increases salt and water excretion
SE: reflex tachycardia, flush, headache, increases IOP
Contraindicated: glaucoma
fenoldopam
increases release of NE
Contraindicated in patients on MAOIs - cheese rxn
tyramine
increase release of NE
enters CNS
SE: anorexia, euphoria, insomnia
Amphetamines dextroamphetamines methylphenidate modifinil Methamphetamines
treats ADHD
methylphenidate
treats narcolepsy
modifinil
inhibits dopamine re uptake
SE: HTN, stroke, bug crawling feeling
cocaine
Direct acting A1 agonists
phenylephrine
methoxamine
oxymetazoline
xylometazoline
increases BP, TPR, reflex bradycardia
A1a agonist - urinary continence
direct acting A1 agonists
used to treat nasal contestant and mydriasis without cycloplegia
phenylephrine
tretas paroxysomal atrial tachycardia
methoxamine
used to treat topical decongestants because of their ability to promote constriction of nasal mucosal arteriole
Continuous use: increase BP, HTN, destruction of nasal muscose
oxymetazoline
xylometazoline
after 3 days of use: A1 - desensitized (tachyphylaxis) - loss response; B2 - dominates, causing vasodilation and rebound nasal congestion occurs
rebound nasal congestion
Direct acting A2 agonists
clonidine
methyldopa
apraclodidine
brimonidine
decrease cAMP and Ca inflow; blocks release NE
clonidine
methyldopa
used to treat HTN, diabetic diarrhea, narcotic addicts and to benzodiazepine withdrawal effects
clonidine
SE: postural hypotension, dry mouth, sedation, rebound HTN
clonidine
acts like pre synaptic A2 agonist: aqueous synthesis decrease; post synaptic A2 agonist: duct peristalsis - increase outflow
treats glaucoma
apraclodidine
brimonidine
Direct acting B1 agonists
dobutamine
Gs action
increases HR, SV, CO, BP, contractility
used to treat: heart failure, septic and cardiac shock
SE: tachycardia, HTN, angina, fatal arrhythmia
dobutamine
Direct acting B2 agonists
albuterol salmeterol metaproterenol ritodrine terbutaline
Gs action
decrease TPR and BP and bronchodilation
used to treat: bronchial asthma, B2 in bladder wall mediate relaxation - retention
albuterol
salmeterol
metaproterenol
Gs action
decrease TPR and BP and bronchodilation
used to treat premature uterine contraction -
ritodrine
