A1 Tx postural hypotension (Inc BP)

A1 ``` Nasal congestion Red eyes (vasoconstriction) ```

A2 Same mechanism and tx as clonidine

A2 Dec IOP (reduction of aqueous humor)

Adrenergic Agonists Flashcards by Maria Guarnizo

Selective A1 agonists

Phenylephrine
Midrodine
Visine

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A2 agonists

Clonidine
Apraclonidine
Brimonidine
Guafanicine

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B1 agonist

Dobutamine

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B2 agonists

Albuterol
Formoterol
Metaproterenol
Salmeterenol

Terbutaline

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B3 agonists

Mirabegron

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Indirect sympathomimetics

Amphetamine
Cocaine
Ritalin
Tyramine
Ephedrine/ pseudophedine
Adipex

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Phenylephrine

Mech

Inc MAP 
Inc Sys and Dias
Causes reflex bradycardia
Mydriasis
Vasoconstriction of nasal cavities

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Phenylephrine

Nasal congestion
Opthalmic- dilate eye
V tach - due to reflex bradycardia

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Midrodine
mech
Tx

Tx postural hypotension (Inc BP)

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Visine

Nasal congestion
Red eyes (vasoconstriction)

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Clonidine
Mech

A2
Inhibits sympatetic outflow from CNS

Tx- HTN
Tourettes
ADHD
Reduces effects of withdrawal

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Guanfancine

Same mechanism and tx as clonidine

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Apraclonidine
Mech
Tx

Dec IOP (via reduction in aqueous humor)

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Brimonidine
Mech
Tx

Dec IOP (reduction of aqueous humor)

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Dobutamine
Mech
Tx

Inc HR and contractility 
Tx HF (hypovolemic) AND SHOCK

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Albuterol
Metraproterenol
Terbutaline

Mech
Tx

B2 (SHORT ACTING)

Bronchodilation- immediate effect (athsma)
Prevent preterm labor

Salmeterol
Formoterol

Mech
Tx

B2 (long acting)

Used for control of athsma etc

Mirabegron
Mech
Tx

Used to tx urinary urgency
Relax detrussor to reduce voiding, less side effects bc its selective for B3

Epinephrine

Low dose effects

B > A (at low doses beta effects are more predominant)

Bronchodilation
Vasodilation
Inc HR and contractility

Epinephrine 
High dose (like rapid IV)

Alpha effects predominate

Vasoconstriction (Inc SVR) 
Inc Systolic (a1) more than decrease diastolic (b2 effect)
Inc in PP

Epinephrine

Slow infusion

Local vasoconstriction

Moderate inc in syst but MAP doesnt change

Epinephrine is drug of choice for

Anaphylactic shock

bronchodilation b2
counteract vasodilation a1
improve blood flow B1

Norepinephrine

Mech

A» b1

Inc MAP, inc SVR
Inc Sys/ dias
Reflex bradycardia
Inc contractility

Norepinephrine

Shock

Isoproterenol | Mech

B1=b2 | Inc HR and contractility Vasodilation ( dec MAP and SVR Dec Systolic Increase PP difference)

Dopamine D1 receptor Mechanism effect

D1 inc cAMP vasodilation of renal mesenteric and celiac Increase in GFR! Low dose: D1 Med dose: B1 High dose: A1

Dopamine | D2 receptor effect

Modulates CNS neurotransmitter release (inhibits epi)

Dopamine | Tx

CHF | cardiogenic shock, septic shock

Fenoldopam | Tx

D1 Decrease BP in severe hypertension by dilating renal arteries

Amphetamine | Mechanism

Indirect sympathomimetic Increase release of D and NE - by increasing vesicular displacement of NE nd D - by reversing transport via TAAR (so instead of taking up dopamine it releases it) causing an increase of non vesicular release of Neuro transmitter

Amphetamines Tx? Dosage effect

Used to improve cognitive function Low dose: mild alert improved attention Med dose: elevation of mood euphoria High dose: psychotic behavior (Tunes in prefrontal cortex but can also stimulate pleasure center so potential for addiction)

Ritalin (methylphendinate) Mech Tx

Blocks reuptake of NE and D by inhibiting DAT NET (but there is no reverse transport like in amphetamines) Used in ADHD for lil kids

Cocaine Mech Effects

Blocks reuptake of D Ne By inhibiting DAT and NET Leading to excess dopamine in pleasure centers of brain HTN tachy mydriasis Convulsions hemorrage MI

Tyramine | Mech

Byproduct of tyrosine metabolism (found in cheese and wine) Indirect acting sympathomimetic CONTRAINDICATED WITH MAOIs bc it can SEVERELY INCREASE NE —- LEADING TO HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS

Ephedrine Mech Tx

Inc BP and CO | Also nasal congestion

Pseudopherine

Cold decongestant

Adipex

Inc NE and D to tx obesity | Short lived bc build tolerance

CONTRAINDICATIONS for indirect

Use OF MAOIs Can lead to xs NE which can cause hypertensive crisis

Complications of Adrenergic agonists

Increase of cardiac work—- ischemia and failure | Bad for old people with CAD