Adrenals

Question 1

Most common extracranial solid childhood malignancy

Answer 1

Neuroblastoma

Average diagnosis age 22 months, however can present inutero.

Question 2

What is stage 4S

Answer 2

Less than 1 year old
Skin, Liver and BONE MARROW (not cortex) Involvement
Excellent prognosis

Question 3

What upstage Nueroblastoma

Answer 3

Contralateral lymph nodes

Crossing midline

Question 4

What are the association of Neuroblastoma

Answer 4

NF1, DiGeorge, Beckwidth Wiedeman, Hirschprung

MOST are sporadic

Question 5

What is the paraneoplastic syndrome in neuroblastoma

Answer 5

Opsoclonusmyoclonus (autoimmune process). If neuroblastoma is found usually small.

Question 6

What assess better bone mets in neuroblastoma

Answer 6

MIBG

Question 7

What can you measur ein the urine of neuroblastoma kids

Answer 7

Catecholamines (95% time elevated)

Question 8

Mets to bones and renal/adrenal mass

Answer 8

Most likely neuroblastoma, Wilms usually does not go to bones (Except clear cell subtype).

Question 9

What is blueberry muffin syndrome?

Answer 9

Extramedullary hematopoiesis within the dermis of neuroblastoma and rubella kids

Question 10

What is pepper syndrome?

Answer 10

Metastatic neuroblastoma to the liver (4S stage)

Question 11

Hutchinsons syndrome?

Answer 11

Skeletal mets that are symtpomatic in neuroblastoma

Question 12

Main differences between Wilms and Neuroblastoma

Answer 12

Calcifications and metastasis to bones in neuroblastoma
Invasion of vessels and well defined in Wilms (neuro encases and is irreguar)
4 years in Wilms and 2 years in Neuro